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1 APRIL 2022
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ВОСПИТАНИЕ НОВОГО ПОКОЛЕНИЯ В ЭПОХУ ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
RAISING A NEW GENERATION IN ERA OF GLOBAL TRANSFORMATION •
1 APRIL 2022
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building adjacent on the west side were not yet discovered during V.V. Bartold and V.L.Vyatkins’ period. Today's
information and their analysis Yothyon in Turkestan, which is typical of the period of Amir Timur Yassavi,
Jahongir mausoleum in Shakhrisabz, Sayfiddin Boharzi in Bukhara, Kaffol Shoshi in Tashkent, Zangiota and
other buildings with 2 minarets at the front two corners and great portal, a huge domed Miansaray behind
the portal, after it a ribbed mausoleum and a great khanaka-mausoleum with a series of cells surrounding it.
Amir Timur started the two domes structure and finished its mausoleum in 10 days, and held the letter
of the Koran and prepared for the trip to China. Because of his sudden death, a huge shrine will not be
completed.I. E. Pletnev was mistaken about “the construction commencing in the 15
th
century and continued
shortly in the 17
th
century”. However, this author fails to clarify the building's floor surfaces, brick sizes and
other conclusions [2, p.15-17].
Archaeological excavations conducted in 1943-1970 revealed that the foundation of the courtyard
walls was much higher than the foundations of the madrasah and the khanaka, and even absence of the
foundation of the courtyard walls [3, p.7-12].
Conclusion. According to sources, in the late 14
th
century, the land on the old Chakar (garrison) area of
Samarkand was bought, and a madrasah and a khanaka were built for Muhammad Sultan. And in March
1404, the coffin of Muhammad Sultan was brought to Samarkand from Sultania and was temporarily buried
in the left corner of the madrasah. Amir Timur commands the erection of a huge and majestic building when
he was visiting the tomb of Muhammad Sultan in July 1404.
However, according to the historian Yazdi and the discovered foundation remains it was planned to
be with two domes, similar to the mausoleum-khanaka Khoja Ahmed Yasawi in Turkestan. In August and
September 1404, Muhammad Sultan’s coffin was transferred from the madrasah to the crypt.
Well-known scientist Omonulla Boriev has thought of another historical puzzle that can be solved
through Yazdi’s data. Thus, during the repair of the mausoleum in 1409, the following statements on corpses
in the mausoleum of Amir Timur will be stated:
Later, some changes were made to this mausoleum during Mirzo Ulugbek; The body of Amir Timur was
buried here, who suddenly died in February 1405 [according to Sharaf al-Din Ali Yazdi he was placed first in
the khanaka of Muhammad Sultan]. Shohruh Mirzo who took the Samarkand's throne in May 1409 will visit
the tomb of his father - Amir Timur. “His body (Said Baraka’s) was transferred and buried under the dome
built by Timur.
According to his will they put his majesty (Amir Timur) at his (Said Baraka) feet side. Amirzoda Muhammad
Sultan [his body] was also transferred to this dome and buried next to his majesty (Amir Timur).” In the next,
the body of Muhammad Sultan appears to be temporarily removed when changing the mausoleum. 15
years later, in 1425 Mirzo Ulugbek sets the tomb stones and builds the eastern entrance of the complex. He
rebuilds the front of the khanaka and brings the courtyard of the ensemble to square form. On the west side
he builds two more minarets similar to the opposite side of the courtyard.
The construction of the complex would not be finished. The south side of the unfinished construction
and constructions on the west side of the building as the madrasah of Muhammad Sultan would have
decayed and left under the houses built in the 19-20
th
centuries. The main parts of these foundations of
buildings are discovered today. This research allows to adjust a number of shortcomings allowed in the
study of the history of the complex of the Amir Timur mausoleum.
In 1924, on the sinking part of the mausoleum repair works were carried out. The four corners of the
room are distinguished from each of the soil, side flanks were cut and the layers of the wall were pressed.
The surface of these layers consisted of several ganch layers.
During the study it is revealed that here was not only Muhammad Sultan’s ensemble, but the largest
in Central Asia architectural structure which included also the mausoleum of Amir Timur. The conclusion
part of the vision of the architectural monument based on new information its gradual scientific and art
reconstruction of the image was carried out. Based on historical and archeological information they remained
part today of the tomb of Amir Timur is linked to the construction activities of five great personalities – Amir
Timur and his beloved grandson Muhammad Sultan, his son Shohruh Mirzo and grandsons Halil Sultan and
Ulugbek Mirzo. Today, this complex has become a unique architectural monument of the Uzbek people.
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