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GLOBAL INSURANCE MARKET TRENDS 2021 © OECD 2022
Yet gross claims payments declined in most jurisdictions in 2020, driven by drops in claims payments for
motor vehicle insurance. COVID-related lockdowns and other mobility restriction measures led to a
reduction of the use of cars and frequency of accidents. The decline in claims payments for motor vehicle
insurance offset the increase in claims payments for natural disasters in the Czech Republic (floods and
hurricane) and El Salvador (storms). Some other lines of business may have also contributed to the decline
in non-life claim payments, such as
workers’ compensation insurance in Europe
(EIOPA, 2021) following
spells of teleworking and temporary lay-offs at the peak of COVID-19 waves.
Trends in specific non-life lines of business varied across jurisdictions. Business interruptions generated
losses, some of which were covered by insurance (or found to be covered, based on litigation). For
instance, Ireland noted an increase in property claim costs due to COVID-19 related business interruption
claims. Many countries reported disputes arising between policyholders and insurers on the coverage of
business interruption costs due to COVID-19. Many of these disputes are likely to continue beyond 2020.
COVID-19 has also had different effects on claim payments for health insurance. For example, Belgium
recorded an increase in claims payments for medical expenses in 2020. Likewise, health insurance claims
payments rose in Costa Rica. Claims also increased in France due to an exceptional payment by health
insurers to support the social security system (Insurance Europe, 2021). By contrast, claims payments
declined in other jurisdictions like in Malaysia where medical insurance policies carry a pandemic exclusion
clause. The pandemic may have also induced a reduction in the use of health services for needs other
than for COVID-19, such as in Colombia and Slovenia, resulting in a decline in claims payments for medical
expenses.
While inflation was still relatively stable at end-2020 in the OECD area, there were already some signs of
an acceleration of price rises, representing a future risk for insurers.
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Eurostat was anticipating in January
2021 a 0.9% increase in inflation excluding food.
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Inflation can make non-life claims more costly,
especially for long-tail businesses characterised by long settlement periods where loss reserves would
have to be increased when inflation rises.
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