English for academic purposes answers to exercises – Features of academic writing



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English-for-Academic-Purposes-Exercise-Answers (1)

 
 
25 
9.2 
– Paraphrasing 
Exercise 1 
Exercise 2 
Original 1 
c)
 
The number of children missing out on a secondary school education had decreased by 35 
million between 2000 and 2015. 
Original 2 
b)
 
In comparison to last year, there had been an increase of roughly 77% in the number of 
people having to wait four hours to receive medical treatment. 
Original 3 
c)
 
The 8% decrease in Barnes & Noble’s stock price was the result of an article pleading for 
their support. 

Paraphrase 1 is an example of plagiarism. The order of the information has been switched 
around, but very few words are different to the original (e.g. jumped > rose, data > research). 

Paraphrase 2 is far more original in its formation. The ideas are clearly the same as the 
original, but this information has been expressed in a unique way that is very different to the 
original extract. 

Paraphrase a) is implying that the 62 million students are ‘dropouts’, meaning they have 
attended school at some point in the past. However, the original does not state this fact. 

Paraphrase b) overgeneralises, by stating these 
students as simply being ‘absent’. 
Furthermore, without mentioning dates (2000-2015), it implies this is the case now. However, 
between 2015 and now there may have been a change this this data. 

Paraphrase a) does not make any comparison to the previous year (the increase). 
Additionally, it generalises by saying they are waiting to see a doctor 
– but they could be 
waiting for other medical treatments that simply require a nurse (or other medical staff). 

Many may choose paraphrase c) as the correct answer. However, this paraphrase uses the 
phrase ‘steady increase’, but the original does not state if this number has slowly increased, or 
if it increased sharply over the previous few months. 



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