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domestic market.”
+ a local supplier = the
domestic market
=> ANSWER: E
17. THE WEAKENING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE VALUE OF
GOODS AND THE COST OF THEIR DELIVERY
Keywords: value of goods, cost of delivery
In paragraph D, it is stated that: “As a result, less transportation is required to every dollar‟s worth of
imports or exports.”
=> ANSWER: D
QUESTIONS 18-22: DO THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS AGREE
WITH THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN READING PASSAGE 2 ?
18. INTERNATIONAL TRADE IS INCREASING AT A GREATER RATE
THAN THE WORLD ECONOMY.
Keywords: International trade ,world economy, rate
In the first paragraph: “While the global economy has been expanding at a bit over 3% a year, the
volume of trade has been rising at a compound annual rate of about twice that.” So, the statement is
true.
+ the world economy = the global economy
+ to increase = to expand = to rise
=> ANSWER: TRUE
19. CHEAP LABOUR GUARANTEES EFFECTIVE TRADE CONDITIONS.
Keywords: cheap, labour
In
paragraph B, the writer says that: “Cheap labour may make Chinese clothing competitive in
America, but if delays in shipment tie up working capital and cause winter coats to arrive in
spring, trade may lose its advantages.” So, cheap labour does not guarantee effective trade conditions,
because other factors such as delays in transport may damage the trade.
=> ANSWER: FALSE
20. JAPAN IMPORTS MORE MEAT AND STEEL THAN FRANCE.
Keywords: Japan, meat and steel, France
Scan these keywords, then find out that all the related information is in paragraph C. Howeve
r, there is no information about whether Japan imports more meat and steel than France, because the
countries are not compared with each other.
=> ANSWER: NOT GIVEN
21. MOST COUNTRIES CONTINUE TO PREFER TO
TRADE WITH THEIR
NEARBY NATIONS.
Keywords: countries, nearby nations
It is mentioned in paragraph D that: “Countries still trade disproportionately with their
geographic neighbours.” This is definitely similar to the given statement.
+ nearby nations = geographic neighbours
=> ANSWER: TRUE
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22. SMALL COMPUTER COMPONENTS ARE MANUFACTURED IN
GERMANY.
Keywords: computer components, Germany
All information related to computer components is given in paragraph E. The small computer
components are
disk drives which, we are told “…are small and light”. Also: “Most of the world‟s
disk-drive manufacturing is concentrated in South-east Asia”. However,
Germany is not mentioned
throughout the paragraph.
+ computer components = disk drives
=> ANSWER: NOT GIVEN
QUESTIONS 23-26: COMPLETE THE SUMMARY USING THE LIST
OF WORDS
23. MODERN CARGO-HANDLING METHODS HAVE HAD A
SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON … AS THE BUSINESS OF MOVING FREIGHT
AROUND THE WORLD BECOMES INCREASINGLY STREAMLINED.
Keywords: Modern cargo-handling methods, business of moving freight
The passage is about the “vast expansion in international trade” and “the explosion in
international commerce (paragraph B)” In
the beginning of the passage, it is stated that: “The vast
expansion in international trade owes much to a revolution in the business of moving freight.” The
“revolution in the business of moving freight” refers to “modern cargo-handling methods”
(including electronic delivery, containerization specified in paragraphs E and F
respectively). Therefore, we can easily choose the word “trade” among the given ones to fill in the
space.
=> ANSWER: G
24. MANUFACTURERS OF COMPUTERS, FOR INSTANCE, ARE ABLE TO
IMPORT …FROM OVERSEAS, RATHER THAN HAVING TO RELY ON A
LOCAL SUPPLIER.
Keywords: Manufacturers of computers
“….lightweight components” of manufactured goods are mentioned in paragraph D. Computers are
then referred to in paragraph E, where the writer says that: “Computer manufacturers in Japan or Texas
will not face
hugely bigger freight bills if they import drives from Singapore rather than purchasing them o
n the domestic market.” Among the given
list of words, “components”is the best choice.
=> ANSWER: B
25. THE INTRODUCTION OF …… HAS MEANT THAT BULK
CARGO CAN BE SAFELY AND EFFICIENTLY MOVED OVER LONG
DISTANCES.
Keywords: bulk cargo, safely and efficiently moved
Bulk cargo means transported goods that are heavy or large. Moving to paragraph G, we find that:
“Forty years ago, the process of exporting or importing involved a great many stages of handling,
which risked portions of the shipment being damaged or stolen along the way. The
invention of the container crane made it possible to load and unload containers without capsizi
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ng the ship…” So the answer should be “container ships”.
+ introduction = invention
=> ANSWER: C
26. WHILE INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING IS NOW EFFICIENT, THERE IS
STILL A NEED FOR GOVERNMENTS TO REDUCE ….. IN ORDER TO
FREE UP THE DOMESTIC CARGO SECTOR.
Keywords: governments, domestic cargo sector
In
paragraph H, it is said that: “The shipping container transformed ocean shipping into a hig
hly efficient, intensely competitive business. But getting the cargo to and from the dock was a
different story. National governments, by and large, kept a much firmer hand on truck and railroad
tariffs than on charges for ocean
freight….airlines, then road hauliers and railways were freed from restrictions….Big productivit
y gains resulted…” Then the writer gives examples and gives his own advice in the rest of the
passage. So the most suitable word is “tariffs”
+ The shipping container transformed ocean shipping into a highly efficient = While international
shipping is
now efficient
+ the domestic cargo sector = getting the cargo to and from the dock
=> ANSWER: A
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