Cambridge ielts 1-15 series reading answers explained

part of a swimmer‟s performance into factors that can be analysed individually –
stroke length, stroke frequency, average duration of each stroke, velocity, start, lap and finish 
times, and so on.” 
+ investigate =analyse 
=> ANSWER: C 
3. A REASON FOR NARROWING THE SCOPE OF RESEARCH ACTIVITY 
Keywords: narrowing, scope, research activity 
In paragraph B, the writer says: “They (refers to technicians mentioned in the previous sentence) all 
focus on one aim: winning. “We can‟t waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that 
don‟t help the coach work with an athlete and improve performance..” 
=> ANSWER: B 
4. HOW SOME AIS IDEAS HAVE BEEN REPRODUCED 
Keywords: AIS ideas, reproduced 
The last paragraph F is all about the replication of AIS ideas by other countries: ” Of course, there‟s 
nothing to stop other countries copying – and many have tried. Some years ago, the AIS unveiled 
coolant-lined jackets for endurance athletes. …The same has happened to the altitude tent, developed 
by AIS to replicate the effect of altitude training at sea level..” 
+ to copy= to replicate ~to reproduce 
=> ANSWER: F 
5. HOW OBSTACLES TO OPTIMUM ACHIEVEMENT CAN BE 
INVESTIGATED 
Keywords: obstacles, optimum achievement 
In paragraph D, the writer gives an example of analyzing the data on the swimmers: “He points out the 
data on the 
swimmers in second and third place, which shows that the one who finished third actually sw
am faster…..His turn times were 44 hundredths of a second behind the other guy, says Mason. If he 
can improve on his turn, he can do much better”. 
The writer also adds some other examples (about sensors, protein level tests) which are used to 
optimize athletes‟ achievement. 
=> ANSWER: D 
6. AN OVERVIEW OF THE FUNDED SUPPORT OF ATHLETES 
Keywords: funded support, 
The writer mentions in paragraph A: “Another body, the Australian Sports Commission (ASC),
finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports for thousands of sportsmen and women.” 
+ athletes = sportsmen and women 
+ funded support = financing 
=> ANSWER: A 

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7. HOW PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS ARE CALCULATED BEFORE 
AN EVENT 
Keywords: performance requirements, calculated, before an event 
In paragraph E, the writer says: “Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to 
prepare the athlete by developing a “competition model”, based on what they expect will be the 
winning times.” 
+ event = championship 
=> ANSWER: E 
QUESTIONS 8-11: 
Classify the following techniques according to whether the writer states they: 
A : are currently exclusively used by Australians 
B: will be used in the future by Australians 
C: are currently used by both Australians and their rivals. 
9. Sensors: scan and find it in paragraph D: “With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro 
Technology 
in Melbourne, they are developing unobtrusive sensors that…” In this case, these sensors are
still being developed, for use in the future. 
=> ANSWER: B 
10. Protein tests: scan and find it in paragraph D: “…AIS and the University of Newcastle in New 
South Wales developed a test that measures how much of the immune-
system protein immunoglobin is 
present in athletes‟ saliva….Since the tests were introduced, AIS athletes in all sports have be
en remarkably successful at staying healthy.” 
=> ANSWER: A 
11. Altitude tests: scan and find it in paragraph F: “…Now everyone uses them. The same (refers to 
the copying of AIS ideas by other countries) has happened to the altitude tent.” 
=> ANSWER: C 
QUESTIONS 12 AND 13:ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. 
Choose no more than THREE words and/or a number from the passage for each answer. 
12. WHAT IS PRODUCED TO HELP AN ATHLETE PLAN THEIR 
PERFORMANCE IN AN EVENT? 
Keywords: What, plan, performance 
In paragraph E: “Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare th
e athlete by developing a “competition model”, based on what they expect will be the winning times.” 
=> ANSWER: (a) competition model 
13. BY HOW MUCH DID SOME CYCLISTS‟ PERFORMANCE IMPROVE 
AT THE 1996 OLYMPIC GAMES? 
Keywords: how much, cyclists‟ performance, improve , 1996 Olympic Games 
Scanning the phrase “the 1996 Olympic Games”, find it in paragraph F: “At the Atlanta Olympic 

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Games in 1996, these sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists‟ and rowers‟ times.” 
=> ANSWER: (by) 2 per cent/%