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Survey of English Dialects,
316
Sussex, 49, 50
Svein, 94
Swadesh, M., 402
Swahili, 6, 323
Swedes, 92
Swedish, 33
Sweet, Henry, 236, 334
Swift, Jonathan, 258–63, 267–69, 273, 286, 366
Swynford, Katherine de, 152
Swynford, Sir Thomas, 152
Sykes, F.H., 167
Syllable-timed languages, 324
Symonds, J.A., 251
Synge, J.N., 318
Synonyms, 186
Syntax, Middle English, 166;
Old English, 67;
Proto-Indo-European, 36;
Renaissance English, 244–45;
Index 442
Scandinavian, influence on English, 103;
transformational, 402
Synthetic language, 56
Szemerényi, Oswald, 41
Szwedek, Aleksander, 178
Tacitus, 205
Tagalog, 6
Taglicht, J., 280
Tajima, Matsuji, 73
Tanquerey, F.J., 183
Tanzania, English language in, 6–7, 8, 323, 325
Tarsus, Theodore of, 84
Tatler, The,
260
Taylor, Ann, 68
Teichert, Fr., 198
Television, words relating to, 299
Tennessee, 354–55
Terence, 206
Thackeray, W.M., 311
than,
case after, 279
Thanet, 49, 93
Theocritus, 206
they, their, them,
162
Thirteen Colonies, 352
tho,
(those), 161
Thomas, C.K., 382, 407
Thomassy, R., 135
Thompson, E.H., 139
thou,
142
Thrace, languages of, 25–26
Thracians, 36
Thucydides, 205
Thurston, 114
Tocharian, 35, 39
Todd, H.J., 312
Todd, Loreto, 324
Tok Pisin, 332–33
Toll, J. M., 188
Toller, T.N., 73
Tongue, Ray K., 349
Toolan, Michael, 9
Tostig, 111
Toswell, M.Jane, 199
Tout, T.F., 126
Towneley Plays,
194
Towns, growth of, 143
Trafalgar, battle of, 296
Trager, George L., 402
Traill, H.D., 114
Transformational rules, 402
Index 443
Translation, 205, 216
Traugott, Elizabeth C, 16
Trench, Dean, 336, 341
Trevisa, John, 147, 150, 184, 192
Trinidad and Tobago, English language in, 329
Trinidad Creole, 330
Troike, Rudolph C., 382
Trojans, 26
Trudgill, Peter, 348
Tryggvason, Olaf, 94
Tsuzaki, Stanley M., 390
Tucker, Susie L, 294–95
Turner, G.W., 349
Turner, Lorenzo D., 383
Turold, 113
Turquet, Gladys, M., 251
Twaddell, W.F., 402
Twi, influence of, 329
Tyler, Elizabeth M., 199
Uganda, 8, 322, 325
Ukrainian, 31
Ulfilas, 32
Ulster, 353
Umbrian, 28
Umlaut, 78–79
United Nations, official languages of, 8
Universal grammar, 11, 275, 282
Upper North dialect in America, 378, 379
Upper South dialect in America, 378, 380
Upton, Clive, 407
Urdu, 24
Usage, doctrine of, 282;
levels of, 313;
and idiom, Elizabethan, 248
Valdman, Albert, 332
Van der Gaff, W., 292
Van Dongen, G.A., 348
Van Riper, W.R., 382
Van Windekens, A.J., 42
Vandalic, 32
vast,
310
Vaughn-Cooke, Fay B., 383
Vedas, 23
Venetic, 28
Venezky, R.L., 73
Verb, 60, 162, 245;
inflections of, 190, 245
−
48;
progressive forms, 245, 291;
see
Strong verbs, Weak verbs
Index 444
Verb-adverb combinations, 345
Verbs from French, 173
Vernaculars, problems of, 203
Verner, Karl, 22
Verner’s Law, 22, 60
Vickers, Brian, 259, 294
Viereck, Wolfgang, 348, 349
Viëtor, Wilhelm, 252
Vikings, 92
Villey, Pierre, 251
Vincent, Nigel, 68
Vindex Angelicus,
262
Virgil, 206, 209
Virginia, 354–55, 381
Visigoths, 32
Vising, J., 125, 126, 136, 141, 197
Visser, F. T., 17, 252
Volapük, 7
Voltmer, Bruno, 197
Vorlat, Emma, 274
Vortigern, 49
Vowel declension, 57
Vulgar Latin, 29, 79
Wace, 119
Wagenknecht, Edward, 406
Wakelin, Martyn F., 348
Wall,A., 106
Waller, Edmund, 262, 265
Wallis, John, 274, 279
Walloon, 29, 115
Walpole, Horace, 266
Wanderer, The,
70
“War of the Theatres,” 223
Ward, William, 280
Warfel, Harry R., 406
Warkentyne, H.J., 331
Watkins, Calvert, 36, 41
Wat Tyler’s rebellion, 148
Weak declension, 57, 58, 160
Weakverbs, 51, 60–61, 162
Weakening of final -
m,
159
Wearmouth, 85
Weber,Heidi, 17, 328, 349
Webster, Noah, 258, 272, 275, 279, 286, 311, 366 ff., 391, 394
Webster’s spelling book, 358, 371
Webster’s Third New International Dictionary,
395
Wedmore, Treaty of, 93
Weekley, Ernest, 347, 397
Weiner, E.S.C., 343, 347
Wells, J.C, 324, 373, 382
Index 445
Wells, R.S., 402
Welsh, 34;
origin of name, 50;
settlers in America, 353
Wentworth, Harold, 348, 407
Wessex, 49, 50, 93
West Africa, English language in, 322
West Germanic, 33
West Indies, words from, 291
West Midland dialect, 189, 414
West Saxon, 53
West Slavic, 31
West Virginia, 355, 380
Western Pennsylvania dialect, 380
Whateley, Richard, 276
Whitby, 71
White, Richard Grant, 294, 394
Whitehall, Harold, 190
Whitelock, Dorothy, 72
White Russian, 31
who,
244–45
who
and
whom,
344
whose,
279, 285
Widdowson, J.D.A., 348
Widsith,
70
Wild, Fr., 236
Wilkins, John, 253, 275, 282
William Rufus, 118, 129
William the Conqueror, 110ff.;
his knowledge of English, 117, 121
Williams, R.O., 358
Williamson, James A., 295
Williamson, Keith, 190, 198
Wills in English, 153
Wilson, David M., 73. 106
Wilson, R.M., 157
Wilson, Thomas, 204, 218, 222, 233
Wiltshire, 387
Winchecombe, 120
Winchester, 88;
bishop of, 130, 131;
Customal of, 148
Wincester, Simon, 350
Wind, B.H., 229, 252
Windward Islands, English language in, 329
Winter, Werner, 36
Wisconsin, 355, 356
Wissmann, Wilhelm, 39
Witherspoon, John, 357, 364, 390
Wittke, Carl, 406
Wolfram, Walt, 376, 383, 407, 408
Wolof, influence of, 329
Index 446
Woodbine, George E., 157
Worcester, 88, 120, 131, 137
Word formation, 90;
in Old English, 4–67
World Wars, words connected with, 300
World English, 7, 403
Wotton, Sir Henry, 264
would rather,
278–79
Wrenn, C.L., 56
Wright, Elizabeth M., 56, 105, 236
Wright, JohnK., 387
Wright, Joseph, 56, 105, 236, 348
Wright, Laura, 194, 199
Wright, Nathalia, 317, 348
Written standard, 313
Wulfstan, archbishop of York and bishop of Worcester, 72
Wulfstan of Worcester, 113, 117
Wyche, Sir Peter, 265
Wycliffe, John, 156, 184, 193, 206
Wyld, H.C., 17, 198, 199, 236, 239, 241, 247, 252
Wylie, J.H., 148, 152
Xenophon, 205
ye,
242
Yeats,W.B., 318
York, 85, 88, 93;
school at, 85
Yorkshire, settlers in America from, 353, 387;
clipping, 357
you,
242
−
43
Yonge, Nicholas, 244
Yoruba, influence of, 322–23, 329
Yugoslavia, 32
Yule, Henry, 349
Zachrisson, R.E., 75, 105, 198, 236
Zambia, English language in, 325
Zend, 25
Ziegler, Philip, 157
Zoroaster, 25
Zuyder Zee, 48
Index 447
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