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Seminar 2. Comparative typology as a branch of General 
Linguistics 
►
Classroom activities
Exercise 1. Round table discussion. Work in six mini groups and discuss these 
problems. In 10 minutes present your topic, after all, they make anoverall 
conclusion.
Types of 
approaches to 
language 
description 
Linguistic and 
non-Linguistic 
typology as 
different 
phenomena 
Two main types of 
classification of 
world languages 
Comparative 
Typology 
according to two 
plans of language 
Comparative 
Typology 
according to the 
subject of 
comparison 
Comparative 
Typology 
according to the 
levels of language 
hierarchy 

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Exercise 2. Work in pairs. Discuss your opinions about types of language 
comparison. Make your own diagram to the following table. Present it to 
another team and complete it with new ideas. 
Exercise 3a. Draw a picture, which comes to your mind about genetic 
typology for the following table. 
3b. Present your picture to the group. Explain why do you think so? 
►Home activities 
Exercise 1. Complete the following definitions with the types of typology 
from the box: 
1.
_______________ is a branch of linguistics that studies (using the 
methods of linguistic geography) distribution of linguistic phenomena 
in the spatial extent and interlingual (interdialectic) interaction. 
2.
_______________ is one of the branches of General Linguistic 
typology. It deals with comparison of languages irrespectively of their 
genetic or structural identity. 
3.
_________________ is a branch of linguistic typology, which studies 
the similarities, and differences of originally related languages.
4.
_________________ is the major branch of Linguistic typology and 
aims to identify structural language types. 
Exercise 2. Circle the correct answer. 
1.
Who said that Areal typology compares languages irrespectively of the 
degree of their relatedness and aims at defining general elements 
formed as a result of themutual influence of languages and the cultures 
staying behind them? 
a.
V.K.Ghak 
Comparative typology Genetic typology Areal typology Structural 
typology 

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138 
b.
D.J.Buranov 
c.
Yu.V.Rojdestvenskiy 
d.
M.M.Guhman 
2.
What are the objects of study of Areal typology? 
a.
borrowings, bi-lingual features, hybrid languages, language contacts 
b.
dialects, centum/satem languages, compiling dialectal maps 
c.
sub-stratum and super-stratum languages, neologisms, archaisms 
d.
all answers are true 
3.
What does Areal typology study? 
a.
dialects and restrictions of dissemination of separate features in the 
systems of related and non-related languages, theconfluence of different 
languages 
b.
dialects and restrictions of dissemination of separate features in the 
systems of related and non-related languages 
c.
dialects, centum/satem languages, compiling dialectal maps 
d.
sub-stratum and super-stratum languages, neologisms, archaisms 
4.
What does Comparative Typology deal with? 
a.
With distribution of linguistic phenomena in the spatial extent and 
interlingua (interdialectic) interaction 
b.
with the similarities, and differences of originally related languages 
c.
With the aims of identifying structural language types 
d.
with acomparison of languages irrespectively of their genetic or 
structural identity
5.
What is the goal of Structural Typology? 
a.
To include discrete sound segments like p, n, or a, which can be 
defined by a finite set of sound properties or features 
b.
to identify structural language types 
c.
identifying common/similar features specific to systems of all or 
separate language groups 
d.
to identify universal features of langauges 
►Activities for self-improvement