National Development Strategy Croatia 2030: Roadmap for a Better Future


decrease in future public pension expenditure, but this decrease will occur along with a substantial



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decrease in future public pension expenditure, but this decrease will occur along with a substantial 
decrease in the replacement rate.
This decrease could have significant social implications, and accord-
ingly the attention of economic and social policy actors should be focused on the issue of pension adequacy. 
Changes introduce in the pension system in 2019 should increase the relative pensions but they will remain 
low. 
134.
Although slowly extending, the working life duration in Croatia has remained short, the second 
shortest in the EU.
That is one of the key challenges facing the Croatian pension system. Widely used 
early retirement options result in low pension adequacy. Approximately 45 percent of the new old-age 
pension beneficiaries in Croatia used one of the possibilities for early retirement in 2017. In addition, pen-
sions regulated by special legislation most often enable early retirement under more favorable conditions 
than general legislation. These pensions account for a significant number of pensions, both in terms of the 
number of beneficiaries and the total pension bill paid. 
135.
The second pension pillar, that is, the mandatory privately managed fully-funded scheme, has 
generated adequate yields in the accumulation phase.
The pension payment phase has remained almost 
non-existent due to policy choice that has created favorable opt-out option for voluntary two-pillar partic-
ipants. The third pension pillar (voluntary pension funds) is stable, but its potential for increasing the ade-
quacy of future pensions is very limited because of its low coverage. 
Inclusion 
136.
Croatia has made significant efforts with regard to the deinstitutionalization of care, but chal-
lenges remain. 
Deinstitutionalization has targeted the four priority groups traditionally placed in state so-
cial welfare homes/residential facilities: children with developmental difficulties, persons with disabilities, 
children without adequate parental care, and children and young people with behavioral problems. The 
process includes the transformation of large state residential institutions to deinstitutionalize beneficiaries 
and engagement of other social welfare providers from the private and non-profit sector. However, the 
completion of the deinstitutionalization process remains a challenge since these efforts were not recipro-
cated by sufficient efforts to develop modern community-based social services. 
137.

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