Advances in Molecular Electronics: a brief Review

particles. Some complex components may occur during 
decomposition, which can be liberated on heating in a controlled 
process. The reaction kinetics has been optimized experimentally 
through the proper maintenance of solvent composition, 
supportive temperature, and reagent concentrations [19]. 
Therefore, to prepare rare earth Nano- sized metal particles, extra 
care must be taken. The present research provides a simple and 
effective micro-oven technique to prepare ETO-NPs, further 
characterized and antimicrobial studies performed. In common, 
the metal or rare earth metal oxide or doped nanoparticles are used 
to cure cancer cell lines [20-22]. It seems, for the first time, the 
effective anticancer activity has been achieved using ETO-NPs in 
this research. 
Synthesis and Characterization 
Synthesis of ETO-Nps Using Microwave Method 
The Microwave irradiation Technique was employed to 
synthesize ETO-NPs. All reactants were purchased from Sigma 
Aldrich. The precursors used were 1g of Erbium (III) nitrate 
pentahydrate and 2 g Urea are added in 50 ml of distilled water 
along with AR grade Er
2
O
3
and mixed well; these powders are 
converted to disk-shaped pellets with the help of a hydraulic 
handheld and then this pallet sample was kept at 800ºC for a half-
hour in a microwave generating furnace. This heating process 
on the pellet sample which contains Er
2
O
3
allows for the 
reduction of ETO-NPs. After half an hour of the heating process, 
the pellet sample (containing ETO-NPs) has been burnout to 
finish the process. 
Characterization Techniques 
Characterizing the synthesized ETO-NP is very important to 
reveal many aspects such as bandgap energy, functional groups of 
the sample and size, 2-dimensional shape, and crystalline nature 
of the sample. Characterization has been achieved using many 
techniques such as UV-Vis, XRD, FTIR, and TEM [23-25]. 
Among them SEM instrument controls the movement of a beam 
of an electron to strike the sample at the nano-scale level, further, 
it collects scattered electron and characteristic x rays spectra of 
the sample to reveal morphology information. Except for SEM 
instrument, other analytical spectroscopy instrument uses beam 
Electromagnetic radiation to find out the various aspects of the 
sample such as functional group, bandgap energy, and 
morphology, etc.,