Day 5: Reading the Road Map
Have you ever taken a car trip without directions? Imagine setting out to go somewhere you have
never been without having the slightest idea of how to get there. How might you feel? Perhaps
frustrated because you don't know where you are going, or not confident that you will actually reach
your destination, or confused about which way to go. Not a fun trip!
Do these questions reflect how you sometimes feel after you start reading?
Unfortunately this scenario is very close to what unskilled readers do when they read. They
approach their reading like a car trip without directions. They find something to read that they know
nothing about, jump right in at the first word, and continue reading until the end. They become
frustrated because they feel obligated to read the entire thing. Remember, your elementary school
teacher left you with the impression that you had to read it all, or else. These readers feel uncertain
that they are really understanding what they are supposed to or confused because the reading isn't
what they had expected. It is no wonder that many people do not enjoy reading.
One sure way to avoid going into any reading situation completely blind is to first tap into your
background knowledge. Remember, your background knowledge consists of the unique things you
have personally learned and experienced. Each piece of your background knowledge can be
considered a clue to a reading's meaning.
Clue In Your Brain
Race car drivers prefer tracks they have raced before and dislike new ones. This is consistent
with human nature — because we like things we are familiar with, or have clues about. We feel more
challenged by the unfamiliar when we are clueless. If drivers are unfamiliar with the track layout such
as the sharpness of its curves or where the pit lane is located, they cannot mentally prepare nor focus
their minds by visualizing how the race may proceed.
Similarly, reading unfamiliar material makes comprehension and focus a challenge. You might
feel like you are in the middle of a thick forest without any idea how to get out. Gaining familiarity
with the unfamiliar is achieved by looking for clues, any piece of information that will give you a
reassuring feeling that you are in the right place. Clues guide you in making decisions and
interpretations from what you read. The more clues you have before you start reading, the faster you
can read with good comprehension.
So you may be wondering how you get background knowledge on a track you have never seen
before? Or how do you know if you have any to begin with? The best way is to get a roadmap.
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