Introduction to Fire Safety Management

see also
Escape
MHSW (Management of Health and 
Safety at Work Regulations 
(1999)), 4, 10–12, 73, 302, 382–5
approved Code of Practices, 30
capabilities and training, 11, 384
contacts with emergency services, 
11, 384
cooperation and coordination, 11, 
384
employees’ duties, 12, 385
health and safety arrangements, 11
health and safety assistance, 11, 383
health surveillance, 11, 383
information for employees, 11, 384
new or expectant mothers, 12
persons working in host employer’s 
or self-employed person’s 
undertakings, 11, 384
principles of prevention, 101–2, 383
principles of prevention to be 
applied, 10
procedures for serious and imminent 
danger, 11, 383–4
protection of young workers, 12, 385
Regulation 7 and safety management 
roles, 39
required to implement European 
Framework Directive (1989), 10
risk assessment, 10, 382–3, 385
legal duties concerning, 85
schedule to updates SRSC 
regulations, 46
self-employed, general duties 
imposed by HSWA extended, 43
temporary workers, 12, 385
Middle managers and supervisors, 
role in implementing health and 
safety policies, 39

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Index
414
Montreal Protocol, 221
Motivation, 78
factors in achieving better safety 
performance at work, 78
Near misses, 284, 286
level of investigation, 287–8
Negligence, 18–21
contributory negligence, 21
defences against claims for 
compensation due to, 20–1
duty of ‘reasonable care’ breached, 
19
considerations guiding the 
reasonable man, 19
loss sustained, 20
what is a reasonable man, 19
duty of ‘reasonable care’ owed, 18–19
neighbour principle established 
(Donoghue v. Stevenson (1932)), 
18–19
employer’s liability, 20
Limitations Act 1980 applies, 21
vicarious liability, 20
Neighbours, and the aftermath of fi res, 
303
Occupancy, infl uencing design 
standards of means of escape, 
191–4
Approved Document B, guidance 
on means of escape of purpose 
groups, 191, 238
density factor, 192–4
assistance of Approved Document 
B in calculations, 192–4
defi ned, 192
usable fl oor space, 193
distribution of occupants, 192
number of occupants, 192
Occupational health and safety, 
defi ned, 1
Occupiers’ Liability Acts 1957, duties of 
occupiers under, 9, 355
Occupiers’ Liability Acts 1984, 
extension of duties of occupiers, 
9, 355
Offences and penalties, 349
OHSAS 18001 (integrated management 
system), 26, 276
OPSI (Offi ce of Public Sector 
Information), 25
Organisation structures:
impacting on how safety is managed, 
76
ineffective or inappropriate, common 
problems with, 76
Organisations:
creating role ambiguity, 72
culture of, 74
economic pressures and safety 
culture, 73
effective use of SSOWs as part of 
risk control strategy, 108
formal and informal sub-groups, 76
confl ict may exist between, 76
need to be supportive of the safety 
culture, 76
and human behaviour, 75–8
monitoring levels of competence, 67
promoting a negative safety culture, 
72
safety cultures of, 59–61
safety ethos refl ected across range 
of communication media, 81
should adopt systematic approach to 
risk assessment, 87–8
structured/designed in different 
ways, 76
clearly defi ned responsibilities for 
safety essential, 76
why they should bother to investigate 
fi re/adverse events, 285
Oxygen:
can infl uence fi re behaviour, 117, 120
and fi re growth rate, 125
oxidisers and oxidising agents, 120
Passive infrared (PIR) detectors, 144
PAT testing, 138, 148, 149
PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), 
effects of exposure to, 313
People:
ensuring safe evacuation of in event 
of fi re detection, 249–55
emergency instructions, 253
the emergency plan, 249–51
layout of escape routes, 253
rehearsal, 253–4
warning signals, 251–3
and groups at risk, 332
infl uencing safe evacuation, 
characteristics of, 244–7
building design features, 246–7
fi re effl uent/heat, 246
initial reaction, 245–6
physical condition, 244–5
sensory condition, 244
stakeholding, 246
state of consciousness, 245
lone working, 110
perception and behaviour of in the 
event of fi re, 240–9
characteristics pf people 
infl uencing safe evacuation, 
244–7
crowd movement, 247–9
principles of sensory perception, 
240–1
time required for escape, 242–3
SSOW designed for, 109