(Al-Fâtihah)
[1:1]
In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful:
[1:2]
Praise be to God, is a predicate of a nominal clause, the content of which is intended to extol God [by
stating that]: He possesses the praise of all creatures, or that He [alone] deserves their praise. God is a
proper noun for the One truly worthy of worship; Lord of all Worlds, that is, [He is] the One Who owns
all of creation: humans, jinn, angels, animals and others as well, each of which may be referred to as a
‘world’; one says ‘the world of men’, or ‘world of the jinn’ etc. This plural form with the y
ā
’ and the n
ū
n
[sc. ‘
ā
lam
ī
n] is used to denote, predominantly, cognizant beings (
ū
l
ū
‘ilm). The expression [‘
ā
lam
ī
n]
relates to [the term] ‘sign’ (‘al
ā
ma), since it is an indication of the One that created it.
[1:3]
The Compassionate, the Merciful: that is to say, the One who possesses ‘mercy’, which means to want
what is good for those who deserve it.
[1:4]
Master of the Day of Judgement: that is, [the day of] requite, the Day of Resurrection. The reason for
the specific mention [of the Day of Judgement] is that the mastery of none shall appear on that Day
except that of God, may He be exalted, as is indicated by [God’s words] ‘Whose is the Kingdom today?’
‘God’s’ [Q. 40:16] (if one reads it m
ā
lik [as opposed to malik], then this signifies that He has possession
of the entire affair on the Day of Resurrection, or else that He is ever described by this [expression], in
the same way as [He is described as] ‘Forgiver of sin’ (gh
ā
fir al-dhanb). Thus, one can validly take it as
an adjective of a definite noun).
[1:5]
You [alone] we worship, and You [alone] we ask for help: that is to say, we reserve worship for You
[alone] by way of acknowledging Your Oneness (tawh
ī
d) and so on, and we ask for [Your] assistance in
worship and in other things.
[1:6]
Guide us to the straight path: that is, ‘show us the way to it’. This is substituted by:
[1:7]
the path of those whom You have favoured, with guidance (from alladh
ī
na together with its relative
clause is substituted by [ghayri l-maghd
ū
bi ‘alayhim]) not [the path] of those against whom there is
wrath, namely, the Jews, and nor of those who are astray, namely, the Christians. The subtle meaning
implied by this substitution is that the guided ones are neither the Jews nor the Christians. But God
knows best what is right, and to Him is the Return and the [final] Resort. May God bless our master
2
Muhammad (s), his Family and Companions and grant them everlasting peace. Sufficient is God for us;
an excellent Guardian is He. There is no power and no strength save in God, the High, the Tremendous.
Medinese: [consisting of] 286 or 287 verses..
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