Determining Benefits
Benefits
are things of value other than compensation that the organization provides to
its workers. (Benefits are sometimes called indirect compensation.) The average company
spends an amount equal to more than one-third of its cash payroll on employee benefits.
Thus, an average employee who is paid, say, $30,000 per year averages a bit over $10,000
more per year in benefits. Benefits come in several forms. Pay for time not worked
includes sick leave, vacation, holidays, and unemployment compensation. Insurance
benefits often include life and health insurance for employees and their dependents.
Workers’ compensation is a legally required insurance benefit that provides medical
care and disability income for employees injured on the job. Social Security is a govern-
ment pension plan to which both employers and employees contribute. Many employers
also provide a private pension plan to which they and their employees contribute.
Employee service benefits include extras such as tuition reimbursement and recreational
opportunities.
Some organizations have instituted cafeteria benefit plans, whereby basic coverage is
provided for all employees but employees are then allowed to choose which additional
benefits they want (up to a cost limit based on salary). An employee with five children
might choose enhanced medical and dental coverage for dependents, a single employee
might prefer more vacation time, and an older employee might elect increased pension
benefits. Flexible systems are expected to encourage people to stay in the organization
and even help the company attract new employees.
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In response to economic pressures, some firms have reduced employee benefits in the
last few years. In 2002, for example, 17 percent of employees in the United States with
employer health-care coverage saw their benefits cut; the 2008–2009 recession led to fur-
ther reductions. Some employers have also reduced their contributions to employee
retirement plans, cut the amount of annual leave they offer to employees, or both.
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For instance, during the recession, 16 major companies announced that they would
reduce or eliminate employer contributions to employee retirement plans. In recent
years, several others followed suit. Among these were Wells Fargo, Anheuser-Busch,
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