A third area of organization change has to do with human resources. For example, an
organization might decide to change the skill level of its workforce. This change might
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be prompted by changes in technology or by a general desire to upgrade the quality of
the workforce. Thus, training programs and new selection criteria might be needed. The
organization might also decide to improve its workers’ performance level. In this
instance, a new incentive system or performance-based training might be in order.
Reader’
s Digest recently eliminated 17 percent of its employees, reduced retirement
benefits, and took away many of the “perks” (perquisites, or job benefits) that employees
once enjoyed. Part of the reason for the changes was to instill in the remaining employ-
ees a sense of urgency and the need to adopt a new perspective on how they do their
jobs. Similarly, Saks Fifth Avenue changed its entire top management team as a way to
breathe new life into the luxury retailer.
Perceptions and expectations are also a common focus of organization change.
Workers in an organization might believe that their wages and benefits are not as
high as they should be. Management, however, might have evidence that shows the
firm is paying a competitive wage and providing a superior benefit package. The
change, then, would be centered on informing and educating the workforce about
the comparative value of its compensation package. A common way to do this is
to publish a statement that places an actual dollar value on each benefit provided
and compares that amount to what other local organizations are providing their
workers.
Change might also be directed at employee attitudes and values. In many organiza-
tions today, managers are trying to eliminate adversarial relationships with workers and
to adopt a more collaborative relationship. In many ways, changing attitudes and values
is perhaps the hardest thing to do.
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