Black Garden : Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War

Security Dilemmas in Russia and Eurasia, ed. Roy Allision and Christoph Bluth 
(London: Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1998), 38. 
17.  Interview with Hajizade, 15 November 2000. 
18.  Interview with Guluzade, 28 November 2000. 
19.  Harutiunian, Sobytiya [Events], V, 317. 
20.  Kazimirov, “Rossiya i ‘Minskaya Gruppa’” [Russia and “The Minsk 
Group”]. 
21.  Maresca, “Agony of Indifference in Nagorno-Karabakh,” 83. 
22.  Kazimirov, “Karabakh. Kak eto bylo” [Karabakh. How it was], 49. 
23.  Human Rights Watch, Azerbaijan, Seven Years of Conflict, 67–73. 
24.  Ibid., 46. 
25.  The following account of the Kelbajar campaign comes from informa­
tion supplied by Azad Isazade, former press secretary in Azerbaijan’s Defense 
Ministry, and Tigran Kzmalian, who was correspondent for the Russian televi­
sion news program Vesti on the Armenian side at the time. 
26.  The figures come from Arif Yunusov. 
27.  Interview with Namazov, 14 November 2000. Kazimirov himself de­
nies ever having threatened the Azerbaijanis. 
28.  Interview with Kazimirov, 1 December 2000. 
29.  Interview with Guliev, 13 September 2000. 
30.  Interview with Kocharian, 25 May 2000. 
NOTES TO CHAPTER 16 
1.  Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Armenian Service, 25 September 2000. 
2.  Interview with Melkonian, 7 May 2000. 
3.  Interview with Babayan, 27 February 2000. 
4.  Interview with Gukasian, 10 October 2000. 
5.  Interview with Danielian, 16 May 2000. 
6.  For a stimulating discussion of the issues surrounding the unrecognized 
states, see Dov Lynch, “End States in Post-Soviet Conflicts: Engaging Separatist 
States,” WEU Institute for Security Studies, July 2001. 
NOTES TO CHAPTER 17 
1.  Armenian news agency Snark, 26 March 2001, as reported by BBC Mon­
itoring. 
2.  Interview with Oskanian in English, 13 December 2000. 
3. Interview with Kazimirov, 1 December 2000; Human Rights Watch, 
Azerbaijan, Seven Years of Conflict, 84. 
4.  From Respublika Armenia, 23 September 1994, reprinted in Harutiunian, 
Sobytiya [Events], V, 399. 

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319 
5.  Interview with Zulfugarov, 9 November 2000. 
6.  Carol Migdalovitz, “The Armenia-Azerbaijan Conflict,” CRS Issue Brief 
for Congress, updated 3 December 1996. 
7.  There are many versions of this quotation. This one, from the 1997 An­
nual Report of the International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights, appears 
to be one of the more reliable. 
8.  Interview with Ter-Petrosian, 24 May 2000. 
9.  The details of the two peace plans come from copies leaked to the Azer­
baijani press in 2001. The translation is from “OSCE Karabakh Peace Proposals 
Leaked,” RFE/RL Caucasus Report 4, no. 8, 23 February 2001. 
10. From the Russian translation of Ter-Petrosian’s press conference in 
Respublika Armenia, 30 September 1997. 
11.  Interview with Gukasian, 7 October 1997. 
12.  Interview with Sarkisian, 15 December 2000. 
13.  UNDP in Azerbaijan, Country Review Report, 1999, 15–16, 17. 
14.  See Paul Goble, “How The ‘Goble Plan’ Was Born,” RFE/RL Caucasus 
Report 3, no. 23, 8 June 2000. 
15. A very detailed account of the massacres and their aftermath was 
published in Nouvelles d’Arménie, no. 48, December 1999. Some clarifications of 
what happened emerged at Hunanian’s trial; see “Chief defendant in Armen­
ian shootings case says plans went awry from start,” Noyan Tapan in Russian, 15 
May 2001, as reported by BBC Monitoring. 
16.  Turan news agency, 19 June 2001, as reported by BBC Monitoring. 
17.  Interview with Kocharian, 25 May 2000. 
NOTES TO  CONCLUSION 
1.  Golos Armenii, Yerevan, 27 March 2001. 
2.  Guliev interview in Ekho (Baku), 20 June 2001, as reported by BBC Mon­
itoring. 
3.  The figures are from the sociologist Gevork Pogosian, quoted in John 
Daniszewski, “A Desperate, Destitute Nation Deserts Itself,” Los Angeles Times, 
30 April 2001. 
4.  Interview with Shakhverdiev, 31 October 2000. 
5.  Interview with Sarkisian, 15 December 2000. 
6.  Interview with Mekhtiev, 31 March 2000. 
7.  ANS television, Baku, 9 May 2001, as reported by BBC Monitoring. 
8.  Interview with Sarkisian, 4 May 2000. 
9.  Zerkalo, Baku, 26 December 1998. 
10.  Beilock, “What Is Wrong with Armenia.” 
11.  Turkish Daily News, 25 October, 2001. 
12.  Interview with Kocharian, 21 May 2001. 

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13.  Interview with Gukasian, 7 October 1997. 
14.  Dowsett, Sayat-Nova, 427. 
15.  Ibid., 434. 
NOTES TO  APPENDIX  1 
1.  Yunusov kindly gave me a copy of his unpublished article “Statistics of 
the Karabakh War.” 
2.  CIA World Factbook 1999. 
3.  Quoted in Harutiunian, Sobytyiya [Events], V, 348. 
4. As well as his unpublished article, Yunusov has written “Armyano-
Azerbaidzhansky Konflikt: Migratsionnye Aspekty” [The Armenian-Azerbai­
jani conflict: Aspects of migration] in Zh Zaionchovskaya (ed.), Migratsionnaya 
Situatsiya v Stranakh SNG [The migration situation in CIS countries] (Moscow, 
1999); and “Migratsionnye potoki—oborotnaya storona nezavisimosti” [Migra­
tion flows—the reverse side of independence], in Rossiya i Zavkaz’ye: realii neza­
visimosti i novoye partnyorstvo [Russia and the Transcaucasus: the realities of in-
dependence and new parnership] (Moscow, Finstatinform, 2000). 

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