Russian Mathematics Education



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[Mathematics Education 5] Alexander Karp, Bruce R. Vogeli (editors) - Russian Mathematics Education Programs and Practices (Mathematics Education) (2011, World Scientific Publishing Company)

V

ABCD

V

A1B1C1D1

=

AB · AC · AD



A

1

B

1

· A



1

C

1

· A



1

D

1

(where represents volume).



Until now, we have emphasized the importance of problem sets. But

sometimes it makes sense to construct a lesson around a single problem.

For example, the outstanding St. Petersburg teacher A. R. Maizelis

(2007) would ask his class to find as many solutions as they could to

the following problem:

Given an angle ABC and a point inside it, draw a segment CD

such that its endpoints are on the sides of the angle and the point M

is its midpoint.

Students would offer many different solutions (usually in one way or

another involving the construction of a parallelogram whose diagonals

intersected at the point M). After this, the same kind of problem was

posed, not about an angle and a point but, say, about a straight




March 9, 2011

15:0


9in x 6in

Russian Mathematics Education: Programs and Practices

b1073-ch01

On the Mathematics Lesson

31

line, a circle, and a point M. Usually, none of the previously offered



solutions could be transferred to this new problem, which nevertheless

became easy to solve once the students realized that they had to make

use of the properties of central symmetry. Such a lesson expanded their

understanding of the meaning of the theorems they had learned earlier;

it helped them evaluate the possibilities of applying transformations;

and, more broadly, it trained them to become genuine problem solvers

who discovered aesthetic pleasure from the actual process of solving

problems.




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