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oxford guide to english grammar

IX

Key to symbols

Phonetic symbols

house

must


next

song


love

rest


you

will


first

van


three

this


sell

zoo


ship

pleasure


put

best


tell

day


cat

good


cheese

just


bird

away


pay

so

cry



now

boy


dear

chair


sure

tea


sit

ten


had

car


dog

ball


book

fool


cup

(r) four


four apples

four bananas

linking r, pronounced before a vowel but (in British English) not

pronounced before a consonant

stress follows, e.g. about

falling intonation

rising intonation

Other symbols

The symbol / (oblique stroke) between two words or phrases means that either is

possible. I will be/shall be at home tomorrow means that two sentences are

possible: I will be at home tomorrow and I shall be at home tomorrow.

We also use an oblique stroke around phonetic symbols, e.g. tea

Brackets ( ) around a word or phrase in an example mean that it can be left out.



I've been here (for) ten minutes means that two sentences are possible: I've been

here for ten minutes and I've been here ten minutes.

The symbol

means that two things are related. Discuss

discussion means

that there is a relationship between the verb discuss and the noun discussion.

The symbol ~ means that there is a change of speaker.

The symbol

there is more information. For example,

is a reference to another section and/or part of a section where

(2) means part 2 of the same section;

229(3) means part 3 of section 229.

65 means section 65; and




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