Cambridge Grammar of English Hardback with cd-rom a comprehensive Guide

subject verb      

x

She  | works | in publishing.

I 

| saw 

| him in the distance.

Defining relative clause (or restrictive relative clause) A relative clause which

defines or restricts the meaning of the head noun:

———————|

The guy

who shouted

must have been on about the seventh floor.

(defines the guy; specifies which guy is being referred to)

It is contrasted with a non-defining relative clause.

In this grammar book the terms defining and non-defining are used in

preference to restrictive/non-restrictive.

Û

Postmodification

Definite article Refers to determiner the which is used with a noun to define and

specify entities projected as known to speaker/writer and listener/reader. It is

contrasted with the indefinite article (a/an):

The university is closed today.

I’ll try to put you through to 

the right department.

Degree adverb 

Û

Adverb

Deixis (adjective = deictic) A term for words or expressions that depend for their

interpretation on the immediate external situation in which they are uttered.

Deictic words are orientational features and are typically realised by

determiners (a, the, this, that, these, those), adverbs (here, there), personal

pronouns (I, you, them):

Could 

we just move that into this corner here?

Delexical verb Delexical verbs refer to common verbs (do, give, have, make,

take

) that combine with nouns to describe an action. The lexical meanings

expressed by the verbs become weak (do some listening, have a swim, take a

walk

). In such constructions, the nouns are referred to as deverbal nouns.