Cambridge Grammar of English Hardback with cd-rom a comprehensive Guide

Bibliographic citations

There are different ways of punctuating bibliographical citations. Most typically, a

citation appears within round brackets in the text:

Thornes & Shao 

(1991b) tested the sensitivity of individual meteorological

parameters in a road weather information system by using …

Where the whole citation is already within parenthesis, commas typically separate

authors’ names and dates, and the semi-colon is used to separate different

citations:

The dominance of X as a controlling parameter for RST has also been found in

many other studies (e.g. Barring et al.

, 1985; Elliasson, 1996; Upmanis, 1999).

The impact of X will be most noticeable during times of high atmospheric

stability, when potential radiation losses are at their greatest.

Where specific page numbers are given in a citation, the colon is normally used:

‘Situation’ and ‘sequence’ are two concepts which Winter, working with written

sentences, sees as fundamental in the interpretation of sequences of clauses in

text (Winter, 1982

: 2).