18
Figure 10. Logical gateway from China to Scandinavia
32
Despite decrease of cargo volume from Kazakhstan to the Latvian ports, Kazakhstan is still
partner of strategical importance as the shortest railway connection from China to Latvia (and
further to Scandinavia) goes through the Kazakhstan (please see Figure 10). There have been
several attempts to organize special container train lines from Central Asia, China and
Afghanistan to Latvian ports, but none of those routes was able to be successful in the long
term. According to transport industry’s entrepreneurs opinion it could be explained because sea
transport to Europe is still more costs efficient and there are no cargo flow from Latvian ports
to China and Central Asia therefore container trains are returning home empty. That increases
railway costs even more.
But there is still high potential for container trains from China to Latvian ports as an alternative
route to current destination Duisburg (Germany). Development of new logistic centres in Latvia
is one of the priorities to become a significant transport hub and attract cargo flow from China
and also countries from Central Asia. Certainly, such plans are capital extensive and investors
from China potentially could be interested in such projects. Some years ago, there was well
established log flow from Belarus to China through Latvian ports. But unexpectedly in the year
2015 significantly was increased phytosanitary fees and log cargo moved to the ports of
Lithuania and Estonia.
Many transport industry entrepreneurs are rather sceptical about significant increase of cargo
flow from China. Today close to 99% from China export to Europe is transported by sea because
sea transport is 2-3 times cheaper than railway. Container trains can deliver cargo during 10-15
days while sea transportations takes around 30-45 days, but still time economy is not so
important comparing to cost economy. Therefore, more customer friendly railway tariffs are
important precondition for sustainable development of container train lines from China to
Latvia and other European countries.
Two large scale infrastructure development objects might have fundamental impact on further
development of the Latvian railway. The most important one is Rail Baltic – which will connect
Baltic countries with Europe via rails according to European standards. The project includes
five European Union countries – Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and indirectly also Finland.
32
Samskip, 2016.
https://www.ldz.lv/lv/konference-glob%C4%81l%C4%81s-transporta-kust%C4%ABbas-
v%C4%ABzija
) conference “Vision of global transport development”
Latvia - The logical gateway from China to Scandinavia
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: