Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR)
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government ministries and departments that manage public resources and are often beneficiaries
of technical assistance interventions by donor agencies (Brown, 2008). North (1990) avers that
these institutions are the principal determinant of the long-run performance of economies. Rodrik
(1999; Rodrik et al., 2004) perceives vibrant institutions as both the result and foundation of
development. It has been observed that the quality of institutions and institutional mechanisms
facilitates the rate of growth and development in any given country (Aron, 2000; Jutting, 2003).
Therefore, the greater the capacity of a country to provide viable public institutions, the more
success it would achieve in terms of sustainable growth and socio-economic development.
Another prominent factor that subsists in Nigeria is the non-existence or non-specification of
government goals and programs. There could be some broad idea of government's purpose such
as the commitment to enhancement of the well-being of citizens through the provision of certain
basic public services or amenities. However, this omnibus declaration requires further detailed
specification in terms of the specific programs to be implemented, by whom, for whose benefit
and at what cost (Osaghae, 2006). Thus, in Nigeria, many states and local governments do not
have spelt out goals, strategies and policies, or where available, there are no effective
mechanisms relevant for prosecuting them. Consequently, there is most often no standardized
procedure for measuring the effectiveness or otherwise of ministries, departments and
organizations (Okpalaonwuka, 1997). Unlike well developed and established democracies, our
contemporary political parties have no ‗genuine manifestoes‘, which spell out their ideologies,
policies and programs. As a result many of the candidates could not present a well planned and
structured programme of action to the electorates. It is no surprise then that the electorates do not
know what to expect of their government and its agencies, and that government functionaries
themselves have no clear thought-out roles within the broader scope of governance.
Unfortunately, this is a fundamental flaw in our system of governance and the customary norm at
all levels of government (Newman, 2013).
According to Obadina (2000), The problem of effective deliverable services in Nigeria results
from a crisis of governance. Good governance serves to improve the quality of life of the people.
However, there is growing dysfunctional infrastructure at all levels of government in the country.
This assertion is corroborated by Oyovbaire (2007) that good governance is a prerequisite for
authoritative allocation of values to improve the human condition and that delivery of efficient
services is essential to qualitative living for all people. The capacity of a government to provide
effective and efficient services to the citizenry depicts the characteristics of good governance.
Regardless of the yearly budgetary allocations for the provision of services in various sectors of
society, there has been little improvement and an apparently progressive degeneration of the
existing social services. Some of the challenges facing the country are poor social infrastructure
and institutions; bad roads, erratic power supply, limited access to portable water, lack of basic
healthcare, ineffective regulatory agencies etc. The plethora of policies put in place by the
government is ineffective due to weak institutions and deteriorating infrastructure (Hoff, 2003).
Generally, it is the duty and aim of Government to improve the welfare of its citizens through
provision of basic services. In the Nigerian setting, services provided at the state and local
government levels usually include primary, secondary and tertiary education; health, sanitation,
works and transportation (building, roads and bridges, including waterways), land and natural
resources; Agriculture including aquaculture and horticulture; Environment; Culture, Sports and
Youth development; Industry and Commerce, etc. Nigeria‘s domestic policies in respect of
provision of services currently tilt towards liberalism and deregulation in view of improved
service delivery. Government obviously is gravitating towards a policy of leaving the
ISSN: 2278-4853 Vol 9, Issue 6, June, 2020 Impact Factor: SJIF 2020 = 6.882
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