П о я с н ю в а л ь н а з а п и с к а

Part 2. A VOYAGE TO BROBDINGNAG
Before long Gulliver undertakes another voyage. The ship meets with a terrible . storm and anchors near Brobdingnag, the land of the giants, to take in a supply of water. While on shore, Gulliver is captured by the giants. On the whole, they are good-natured creatures and treat Gulliver kindly, though they are amused by his small size and Ibok-upon him as a plaything.
Brobdingnag is an expression of Swift's desire to escape from the disgusting world of the Lilliputians and to find the ideal: an agricultural country ruled by an ideal monarch. The author creates such a monarch in the king of Brobdingnag. He is clever, honest, and kind to his people. He hates wars and wants to make his people happy. However, the king's character is not true to life. In this part we don't find the sharp and vivid satirical descriptions so typical of the story of the first voyage. The most interesting episode is Gulliver's conversation with the king, when he tells the king about the war policy of his native land.


Part 3. A VOYAGE TO LAPUTA, BALNIBABBI, LUGGNAGG, GLUBDUBDRIB AND JAPAN
Describing Gulliver's voyage to Laputa, a flying island. Swift attacks monarchs whose policy brings nothing but suffering to their subjects. The king of Laputa has no consideration for his people, m and does not think of them at all, except when he has to collect taxes from them. The flying or floating island – "a phenomenon solved by modem philosophy and astronomy" – helps the 'cng to make the people of his dominions pay taxes and it also helps him to suppress rebellions.
Swift's indignation and the bitterness of his satire reach their climax when he shows the academy of sciences in Lagado J, the city of the continent of Balnibarbi. The author touches upon all the existing sciences. It is easy enough to understand that in ridiculing the academy. Swift ridicules the scientists of his time, who shut themselves up in their chambers isolated from all the world. The members of the academy are busy inventing such projects as:
1) extracting sunbeams out of cucumbers;
2) building houses by beginning at the roof and working downwards to the foundation;
3) converting ice into gunpowder;
4) softening marble for pillows and pin-cushions;
5) petrifying the hoofs of a living horse to preserve it from foundering;
6) preventing the growth of wool upon lambs, thus breeding naked sheep all over the kingdom;
7) ploughing the ground with hogs;
8) dying silk with the help of spiders;
9) simplifying the language by cutting polysyllables into monosyllables, and leaving out verbs and participles.
Then Gulliver visits the school of languages Bourgeois critics accuse Swift of contempt for science. But it goes without saying that he criticized not science itself but the science that does not serve any practical purpose and is alien to humanity as a whole.
Being disgusted with life around him. Swift idealizes the ancient times when describing Gulliver's voyage to Glubdubdrib, the island of sorcerers, or magicians. The governor of the island has the power of calling whom he pleases from the dead and commanding their service for twenty-four hours.