O’zbekiston respublikasi transport vazirligi toshkent davlat transport universiteti

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SHifrator.


3.3. Kod O’zgartgichlarni hisoblash va loyihalash


3.3.1. Vazifasi va bajaradigan funksiyasi

Kod o’zgartirgich – bir turdagi kodni boshqasiga o’zgartiruvchi qurilma. Qabul qilish qurilmasi halitdan himoyalovchi kodni ikkilik sonlariga o’zgartiradi, uzatgichda ikkilik kodini halitdan himoyalovchi kodga o’zgartiradi. 3.4-rasmda kod o’zgartirgichining shartli belgilanishi keltirilgan.

3.4-rasm. Kod o’zgartirgichning shartli belgilanishi

3.3.2. Kod o’zgartirgichni hisoblash va loyihalash


Eng avval kod o’zgartirgichning kirish va chiqishlari soni aniqlanadi. Qabul qilish qurilmasida o’zgartirgichning kirishlari soni deshifrator kirishlari soniga teng bo’lishi kerak, uzatuvchi qurilmada esa shifratorning chiqishlari soniga teng bo’lishi kerak.

Bir turdagi kodni boshqa turga o’zgartirish deshifrator va shifratorni ketma-ket ulash orqali amalga oshirish mumkin. Bu holatda m-elementli kodli kombinasiya deshifrator orqali uning chiqishlariga mos ravishda mantiqiy 1 signaliga o’zgartiriladi, shifrator esa ushbu signaldan talab etiladigan n-elementli kombinasiyaga shakllantiradi.

Kod o’zgartirgichlarni qurishda qo’llaniladigan yana usulidan biri ko’p chiqish va kirish tuzilgan kombinasion qurilmalarni qo’llashga asoslangan.

.

3.6-rasm. O’zgartirgich

		№		Ikkilik kod							Inversiyali kod (Bauera kod)
			X1	X2	X3	X4	X5		Y1	Y2	Y3	Y4	Y5	Y6	Y7	Y8		Y9	Y10
			0	1	1	0	1		0	1	1	0	1	1	0	0		1	0
			0	1	1	1	1		0	1	1	1	1	0	1	1		1	1
			1	0	0	1	0		1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0		1	0
			1	0	0	1	1		1	0	0	1	1	0	1	1		0	0
			1	0	1	0	0		1	0	1	0	0	1	0	1		0	0
			1	1	0	0	1		1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1		1	0
			1	1	1	0	0		1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0		1	1
			1	1	1	0	1		1	1	1	0	1	1	1	1		0	1

X1 X2	X3	X4	X5
U8
0			U13
NOT
			AND_5
U9			U14	U56
1
NOT
			AND_5	OR_3
			U15	Y1
U10
1
			AND_5	U58
NOT			U16
				0
U11				OR
0			AND_5
			U17
NOT				U57
			AND_5
U12			U18	OR_3
1
NOT
			AND_5
			U19
			AND_5
			U20
			AND_5	Y2
			U21	U59
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U22
			AND_5
			U23
			AND_5
			U24
			AND_5
			U25
			AND_5	Y3
			U26	U60
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U27
			AND_5
			U28
			AND_5
			U29
			AND_5	Y4
			U30	U61
				0
			AND_5	OR_3
			U31
			AND_5
			U32
			AND_5
			U33
			AND_5	Y5
			U34	U62
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U35
			AND_5
			U36
			AND_5
			U37
			AND_5	Y6
			U38
				U63
				1
			AND_5
			U39	OR_4
			AND_5
			U40
			AND_5
			U41
			AND_5	Y7
			U42	U64
				0
			AND_5	OR_3
			U43
			AND_5
			U44
			AND_5
			U45
			AND_5	Y8
			U46	U65
				0
			AND_5	OR_5
			U47
			AND_5
			U48
			AND_5
			U49
			AND_5
			U50
			AND_5	Y9
			U51	U66
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U52
			AND_5
			U53
			AND_5
			U54
			AND_5	Y10
			U55	U68
				0
			AND_5	OR_3
			U67
			AND_5

X1 X2	X3	X4	X5
U8
0			U13
NOT
			AND_5
U9			U14	U56
1
NOT
			AND_5	OR_3
			U15	Y1
U10
1
			AND_5	U58
NOT			U16
				0
U11				OR
1			AND_5
			U17
NOT				U57
			AND_5
U12			U18	OR_3
1
NOT
			AND_5
			U19
			AND_5
			U20
			AND_5	Y2
			U21	U59
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U22
			AND_5
			U23
			AND_5
			U24
			AND_5
			U25
			AND_5	Y3
			U26	U60
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U27
			AND_5
			U28
			AND_5
			U29
			AND_5	Y4
			U30	U61
				1
			AND_5	OR_3
			U31
			AND_5
			U32
			AND_5
			U33
			AND_5	Y5
			U34	U62
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U35
			AND_5
			U36
			AND_5
			U37
			AND_5	Y6
			U38
				U63
				0
			AND_5
			U39	OR_4
			AND_5
			U40
			AND_5
			U41
			AND_5	Y7
			U42	U64
				1
			AND_5	OR_3
			U43
			AND_5
			U44
			AND_5
			U45
			AND_5	Y8
			U46	U65
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U47
			AND_5
			U48
			AND_5
			U49
			AND_5
			U50
			AND_5	Y9
			U51	U66
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U52
			AND_5
			U53
			AND_5
			U54
			AND_5	Y10
			U55	U68
				1
			AND_5	OR_3
			U67
			AND_5

	U5
	Х1 Х2 Х3 Х4 Х5 Х6 Х7 Х8	U8
	U7		U13
	OR_3	Y5
		NOT
1	U6
	OR		AND_5
		U9	U14	U56
0	OR_3
	U4	NOT
0	Y4		AND_5	OR_3
			U15	Y1
0	OR_5	U10
	U1		AND_5	U58
	Y3	NOT	U16
0
				0
0	OR_5	U11		OR
	U2
			AND_5
	Y2		U17
		NOT		U57
0
	OR_3
0	U3		AND_5
		U12	U18	OR_3
	Y1
	OR_5	NOT
			AND_5
			U19
			AND_5
			U20
			AND_5	Y2
			U21	U59
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U22
			AND_5
			U23
			AND_5
			U24
			AND_5
			U25
			AND_5	Y3
			U26	U60
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U27
			AND_5
			U28
			AND_5
			U29
			AND_5	Y4
			U30	U61
				0
			AND_5	OR_3
			U31
			AND_5
			U32
			AND_5
			U33
			AND_5	Y5
			U34	U62
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U35
			AND_5
			U36
			AND_5
			U37
			AND_5	Y6
			U38
				U63
				1
			AND_5
			U39	OR_4
			AND_5
			U40
			AND_5
			U41
			AND_5	Y7
			U42	U64
				0
			AND_5	OR_3
			U43
			AND_5
			U44
			AND_5
			U45
			AND_5	Y8
			U46	U65
				0
			AND_5	OR_5
			U47
			AND_5
			U48
			AND_5
			U49
			AND_5
			U50
			AND_5	Y9
			U51	U66
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U52
			AND_5
			U53
			AND_5
			U54
			AND_5	Y10
			U55	U68
				0
			AND_5	OR_3
			U67
			AND_5

	U5
	Х1 Х2 Х3 Х4 Х5 Х6 Х7 Х8	U8
	U7		U13
	OR_3	Y5
		NOT
0	U6
	OR		AND_5
		U9	U14	U56
0	OR_3
	U4	NOT
0	Y4		AND_5	OR_3
			U15	Y1
1	OR_5	U10
	U1		AND_5	U58
	Y3	NOT	U16
0
				1
0	OR_5	U11		OR
	U2
			AND_5
	Y2		U17
		NOT		U57
0
	OR_3
0	U3		AND_5
		U12	U18	OR_3
	Y1
	OR_5	NOT
			AND_5
			U19
			AND_5
			U20
			AND_5	Y2
			U21	U59
				0
			AND_5	OR_5
			U22
			AND_5
			U23
			AND_5
			U24
			AND_5
			U25
			AND_5	Y3
			U26	U60
				0
			AND_5	OR_5
			U27
			AND_5
			U28
			AND_5
			U29
			AND_5	Y4
			U30	U61
				1
			AND_5	OR_3
			U31
			AND_5
			U32
			AND_5
			U33
			AND_5	Y5
			U34	U62
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U35
			AND_5
			U36
			AND_5
			U37
			AND_5	Y6
			U38
				U63
				0
			AND_5
			U39	OR_4
			AND_5
			U40
			AND_5
			U41
			AND_5	Y7
			U42	U64
				1
			AND_5	OR_3
			U43
			AND_5
			U44
			AND_5
			U45
			AND_5	Y8
			U46	U65
				1
			AND_5	OR_5
			U47
			AND_5
			U48
			AND_5
			U49
			AND_5
			U50
			AND_5	Y9
			U51	U66
				0
			AND_5	OR_5
			U52
			AND_5
			U53
			AND_5
			U54
			AND_5	Y10
			U55	U68
				0
			AND_5	OR_3
			U67
			AND_5

3.4 Multipleksor va Dimultipleksor