Noun clauses come in these patterns.
Here the noun clauses are the object of the sentence.
33 NOUN CLAUSES PAGE 342
Compare a noun phrase and noun clause as object.
Phrase: We didn't know the time.
Clause: We didn't know what time it was.
A that-clause relates to a statement.
We would be late. that we would be late
A wh-clause relates to a wh-question.
What time was it? what time it was
A clause with
if/whether relates to a yes/no question.
Can we afford it? if/whether we can afford it
In a clause relating to a question we normally use the same word order as in a
statement. • 269(2)
NOT We didn't know what time was it.
In informal English we can often leave out that.
I knew (that) you wouldn't like this colour.
We often use noun clauses in indirect speech. • 263
You said you had the number. Mike asked what the matter was.
We can sometimes use a to-infinitive with a question word or whether. • 125
The problem was how to contact everyone.
262 Patterns with noun clauses
1 The pattern You know that we haven't any money
a A noun clause can be the object of a verb.
Tim wouldn't say where he was going.
No one believes (that) the project will go ahead.
We regret that you did not find our product satisfactory.
I wonder whether that's a good idea.
NOTE
We can use a wh-clause or
if/whether when the noun clause expresses a question or the
answer to a question.
I'll ask when the next train is.
The figures show how much the population has increased.
b With think and believe, we usually put a negative in the main clause, not in the
noun clause.
I don't think we've got time.
I think we haven't got time is less usual.
With suppose, imagine and expect, we can put the negative in either clause.
I don't suppose you're used to this weather.
I suppose you aren't used to this weather.
c Here are some verbs we can use before a noun clause.
accept demonstrate mean reply
add discover mention report
advise doubt mind request
agree dream notice reveal
announce estimate object say
answer expect observe see
anticipate explain order show
argue fear point out state
arrange feel predict suggest
ask find prefer suppose
assume forecast presume suspect
beg forget pretend swear
believe guarantee promise teach
check guess propose think
claim hear protest threaten
command hope prove understand
complain imagine realize undertake
confirm imply recognize urge
consider indicate recommend warn
decide insist regret wish
declare know remark worry
demand learn remember write
Some of these verbs can also take a to-infinitive or gerund; • 121. Some verbs take
a to-infinitive or gerund but not a noun clause, e.g. aim, avoid, finish, involve,
offer, refuse.
NOTE For require, intend, allow, permit and forbid, • 122(2b) Note a.
d Sometimes there is a phrase with to. . . .
We explained (to the driver) that we hadn't any money.
In this pattern we can use announce, complain, confirm, declare, demonstrate,
explain, imply, indicate, mention, observe, point out, pretend, propose, protest,
prove, recommend, remark, report, reveal, show, state, suggest, swear, write.
Sometimes there is an indirect object.
We told the driver that we hadn't any money.
In this pattern we can use advise, assure, convince, inform, notify, persuade,
promise, reassure, remind, show, teach, tell, warn. With most of these verbs we
cannot leave out the indirect object. • 265(3)
For details about tell and say, •266(1). .
2 The pattern The problem is that we haven't any money
A noun clause can be a complement of
be.
The truth is (that) I don't get on with my flat-mate.
The difficulty was how Emma was going to find us in the crowd.
PAGE 343
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: