O'rta asrlarning boshlarida angliya hukumat va jamiyat

Diniy muassasalar

Abbey favvoralari, yangilaridan biri Tsister monasteries built in the 12th century
With the conversion of much of England in the 6th and 7th centuries, there was an explosion of local church building.^[188] English monasteries formed the main basis for the church, however, and were often sponsored by local rulers, taking various forms, including mixed communities headed by abbesslar, episkop boshchiligidagi jamoalar rohiblarva boshqalar turmush qurdilar ruhoniylar va ularning oilalari.^[189] Soborlar qurilgan, ular bilan ham ishchilar dunyoviy kanonlar Evropa an'analarida yoki faqat Angliyada, boblar rohiblarning.^[190] These institutions were badly affected in the 9th century by Viking raids and predatory annexations by the nobility.^[191] By the start of the 10th century, monastic lands, financial resources and the quality of monasteries' religious work had been much diminished.^[191] Vesseks podshohlari davrida islohotlar amalga oshirildi Benediktin qoidasi keyin qit'ada mashhur.^[192] Angliyaning janubi va sharqida qirolning himoyasi ostida bo'lgan 40 ga yaqin monastir muassasalarining isloh qilingan tarmog'i qayta zabt etilgan Danelav ustidan qirol nazoratini tiklashga yordam berdi.^[193]
1066 yil Normandlar istilosi hokimiyatga yangi Norman va Frantsiya cherkov arboblarini olib keldi; ba'zilari sobiq anglo-sakson diniy tizimining o'ziga xos tomonlarini qabul qildilar va qabul qildilar, boshqalari esa Normandiya amaliyotlarini joriy qildilar.^[194] Normandiyadagi monastirlarga keng ingliz erlari berilib, ularga qirollik bo'ylab prioritet va monastir hujayralarini yaratishga imkon berildi.^[195] Monastirlar feodal munosabatlar tarmog'iga mahkam o'rnashib oldilar, chunki ularning egaligi tojni harbiy qo'llab-quvvatlash bilan bog'liq edi.^[196] Normanlar monastir soborlari jamoatining anglo-sakson modelini qabul qildilar va etmish yil ichida ingliz soborlarining aksariyati rohiblar tomonidan nazorat qilindi; ammo har bir ingliz sobori yangi hukmdorlar tomonidan ma'lum darajada tiklandi.^[197] England's bishops remained powerful temporal figures, and in the early 12th-century raised armies against Scottish invaders and built up extensive holdings of castles across the country.^[198]
New orders began to be introduced into England. Normandiya bilan aloqalar susayganda, frantsuzlar Cluniac tartibi modaga aylandi va ularning uylari Angliyada joriy etildi.^[199] The Avgustinliklar spread quickly from the beginning of the 12th century onwards, while later in the century the Tsisterlar monastir qoidalarini qattiqroq talqin qiladigan uylarni yaratib, buyuk mansablarni barpo etib, Angliyaga etib bordi Rievaulx va Favvoralar.^[200] By 1215, there were over 600 monastic communities in England, but new endowments slowed during the 13th century, creating long-term financial problems for many institutions.^[201] The Dominikan va Frantsiskan qurbongohlar arrived in England during the 1220s, establishing 150 friaries by the end of the 13th century; bular mendikant buyurtmalar, ayniqsa shaharlarda tez ommalashib ketdi va mahalliy va'zga katta ta'sir ko'rsatdi.^[202] Diniy harbiy buyurtmalar that became popular across Europe from the 12th century onwards acquired possessions in England, including the Templar, Teutonlar va Kasalxonalar.^[203]