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History of Celebrating Navruz (New Year)
The celebration of Navruz usually lasted for one month. Seven different dishes, beginning with the letters «S» and «Sh» were put on the table (dastarkhan) laid for the guests. Besides that, Navruz had both ritual and political significance. According to legend, on the day of the Winter Equinox, Jamshid used to rise to the Heaven and there he would get a star. Then during the first days of the celebration of Navruz, he would get back to his throne. Beruni wrote as follows: «when the Sun entered the orbit of the Aries constellation, the spring would usually come. On that day the Khorasaan governors gave their warriors the spring and summer uniforms and treated them with delicious food.”

In the Eastern parts of the empire, Beruni wrote how the Navruz holiday lasted from one day to one month. On the sixth day of the month, the Great Navruz would usually come. According to one legend, on that day Allah finished the creation of the world. It was on this day that he created Saturn. And so, the most joyful hours of Navruz was the time of Saturn, when Allah gave the inhabitants of the earth both happiness and blessings. The Iranian people called that day the “Day of Hopes,” “Ruzi Umed”.

During Beruni’s time Navruz was celebrated for the whole month of March. For the first five days, Navruz was observed by the Padishah and his court. The second five days it was celebrated by ministers of religion. The third five-day week remained for celebration by employees and educated people and the fourth five-day week there were organized folk wanderings. The fifth five-day week came to an end with the farmer’s celebration. Navruz was at that time, indeed a nationwide celebration and continues to be to this day.