Oil and gas production handbook An introduction to oil and gas production

Particular problems arise from the growth of sulfate 
reducing bacteria that produces hydrogen sulfide and 
clogs filters. Typical uses include diesel tanks, 
produced water (after hydrocyclones), and slop and 
ballast tanks. 
Corrosion inhibitor  Corrosion inhibitor  is injected in export pipelines and 
storage tanks. Exported oil can be highly corrosive, 
leading to corrosion of the inside of the pipeline or 
tank. The corrosion inhibitor protects by forming a thin 
film on metal surfaces. 
Drag reducers 
Drag reducers improve the flow in pipelines. Fluid 
near the pipe tries to stay stationary while fluid in the 
center region of the pipe is moving quickly. This large 
difference in fluid causes turbulent bursts to occur in 
the buffer region. Turbulent bursts propagate and form 
turbulent eddies, which cause drag. 
 
 
Drag-reducing polymers are long-chain, ultra-high 
molecular weight polymers from 1 to 10 million u), with 
higher molecular weight polymers giving better drag 
reduction performance. With only parts-per-million 
levels in the pipeline fluid, drag-reducing polymers 
suppress the formation of turbulent bursts in the buffer 
region. The net result of using a drag-reducing 
polymer in turbulent flow is a decrease in the frictional 
pressure drop in the pipeline by as much as 70%. This 
can be used to lower pressure or improve throughput. 
8.9 Telecom 
Traditionally, all electronic systems that do not fall naturally under the 
electrical or automation bracket are grouped as telecommunication systems. 
As such, the telecom system consists of a variety of subsystems for human 
and computer wired and wireless communications, monitoring, observation, 
messaging and entertainment. 
 
Some of the main systems are: 
 
· Public address and alarm system/F&G integration 
· Access control 
· Drillers talk-back system 
· UHF radio network system 
· Closed circuit TV system 

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· Mandatory radio system 
· Security access control 
· Meteorological system/sea wave radar 
· Telecom antenna tower and antennas 
· PABX telephone system 
· Entertainment system 
· Marine radar and vessel movement system 
· Office data network and computer system 
· Personnel paging system 
· Platform personnel registration and tracking system 
· Telecom management and monitoring system 
· Ship communication system/PABX extension 
· Radio link system 
· Mux and fiber optical terminal equipment 
· Intrusion detection 
· Satellite systems 
 
The systems are often grouped in four main areas: