Of the rabuplic of uzbekistan samarqand state institute of foreign languages english faculty II

Conclusion

Analyzing the critical sources and historical background of 19th century literature, we can say with confidence that great literature and poetry do not clearly illuminate the good and evil in the world, but rather show how in good there is almost always evil, and in the most evil deeds one can often find good intentions. The purpose of literature should be to help people understand human strivings, not to arbitrarily classify them into one category of another. Understanding good and evil helps us understand the world we live in. In life, we are constantly in limbo between good and evil.

Having studied the question of good and evil in English literature of the 19th century, it can be concluded that the authors most widely used this concept of optimism versus pessimism to teach a moral lesson, to make opposing points of view obvious to the reader. , or show the transformation of a character, whether from an optimistic point of view to a pessimistic one or vice versa.
As we found out, this period of fierce class struggle was reflected in literature by the emergence of a new trend - "critical realism". The greatest novelists of the era are Charles Dickens, William Makepeace Thackeray, Charlotte Bronte, Elizabeth Gaskell. These writers used the novel as a means to protest against the evils in contemporary social and economic life and to portray the world realistically. Although the Chartist movement did not directly achieve its goals, a strong case can be made that the movement itself was not a failure at all, but a powerful force that led to increased awareness of social issues and created the basis for the future working class. organizations. Many of the Chartists' demands were eventually answered by the Electoral Reform Bills of 1867 and 1864. It also seems likely that the reform agitation that the Chartist movement helped bring to the forefront of British society was responsible for the repeal of the Corn Laws and other social reforms. All the pros and cons of this movement were clearly shown in the literature of the time, especially in the works of Charles Dickens. hailed him variously as a rebel, a rebel, and even a revolutionary. His attacks on society were based on traditional moral beliefs and humanism rather than on social or political theories and programs. He called for the secular ideal of human brotherhood.
Speaking about the topic of money, we can say that in the 19th century, money began to represent and make available to human ambition the means of satisfying vanity and selfish materialism, obtaining advantages, power and luxury. Throughout Dickens' writings, the language and metaphor of money, the terms of debt, loans, borrowing, rates of payment and income tell us what money can do, how it can change class distinctions, how it can completely change the conditions of life.