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Blasphemy: Moby-Dick shows the theme of blasphemy during its narration while whale hunting. From the very beginning, there is some sacredness or mysteriousness associated with Moby Dick, the whale, yet Ahab insists on hunting it. He does not care about anything despite warnings from different people such as Gabriel, who asks him to ponder over “blasphemer’s end” to which he turns a deaf ear. Peleg also warns him, terming him an unholy individual to which he spurns with disdain. His defiance to these warnings seems that he spurns superstitions yet it seems that God does not want them to hunt Moby Dick, or that the whale is too intelligent to let them hook it.
Although Fedallah and Starbuck are with Ahab, they think of the whale as an enigma of the divine power with Ahab associated with the devilish hunting party.
1.Symbolic Meanings of Whale: To Ishmael, Moby Dick is a sign of greatness. Ishmael’s obsession with whale hunting in the beginning and his subsequent voyages with Ahab, the expert navigator, and sailor, demonstrate that Moby Dick is also unique and does not let the sailors take a breath. He tests their mettle and takes the lives of several skilled fishermen and whale hunters. It is perfectly in line with the human spirit of playing with adventures when fishing, or hunting, and Moby Dick offers exactly the same symbolically.
2.Man and Nature: Moby-Dick shows that there are some mysterious relationships and some symbolic connections between Captain Ahab and Moby Dick, the whale. He is on his hunting expedition from the day when Ishmael meets him and continues pursuing the whale despite facing discouraging reports and fatal accidents during his voyage. It seems that their relationship is the relation between man and nature. Humans are always in the awe of nature whether it is in the shape of an animal, natural vegetation, or even sea storms. Even though several of Ahab’s comrades, colleagues, and experts get killed during this hunt, he does not accept this argument, and goes after Moby Dick and dies during the hardest battle of his life.
3.Enigma of Whale: Enigma of the whale as a creature looms large in the background of the story as another theme. Melville has never defined it as a concrete thing, or object that the hunters are after it. He rather presents it as a white creature displaying mysterious existence in the vastness of the sea where its whiteness highlights the oceanic vastness. This whiteness could be holy or sacred as compared to the evil plans of the whale hunters.
4. Although Ishmael accepts various versions of the whale, he does not budge from his position of hunting with Ahab. They also meet several persons who have not seen Moby Dick. It has rather soaked in their mental conflict as an abstract idea and stays there until the end of Ahab’s life.
5. Allurement of Seas: Whale hunting is a perspective but it is the allurement of the seas and oceans that is displayed through the story. Ishmael is more allured to the seas in search of something mysterious. It could have been on the land, but the land has no comparable vastness as it does not pose serious challenges to the human mind. On the other hand, Moby Dick, a hunted whale, also disappears in the sea’s vastness. These seas also test human mental and physical capacities. Pippin becomes insane after he survives the battle, while others lose their lives in the chase of a whale that plays hide and seek with them in the sea.
6.Superstition: The theme of superstition also emerges from different character experiences in Moby Dick. Several people interpret the appearance and hunting of this whale differently with every story having a mysterious accident. Superstition becomes dominant when Ahab learns about the deaths related to Moby Dick’s hunting and its victims. It becomes reality when Ahab and Gabriel also lose their lives.
7.Limits of Knowledge: Moby Dick demonstrates the limit of human knowledge with limited thinking capacity or too little space for taking action. Moby Dick, the whale, lays bare these limitations of human knowledge in its appearance, its behavior, and its enigmatic nature. Ishmael learns that only death can provide complete knowledge of such an existing mystery to human beings.
8.Question of Free Will: Free will is displayed through Ishmael’s obsession with the idea of whale hunting and going after Moby Dick. Its interesting aspect, however, is that he admits that fate is taking him in the direction of the whale.