Nukus branch of uzbek state physical culture and sport university faculty of Sport types group 08-21 Department

NUKUS BRANCH OF UZBEK STATE PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORT UNIVERSITY



Faculty of Sport types
GROUP 08-21

Department: ______________(_________)


SELF STUDY WORK
FIRST YEAR STUDENT ___________________

Subjesct teacher : M.Bayimbetova

Theme : Cricket

Nukus 2022y

History of rowing (slalom)

Plan:
What is slalom rowing?

History of the emergence and development of slalom donkey growth

Rowing in slalom (brief)

Slalom rowing

Standard service and conditions

Introduction

Sport. What does this word mean today? Sport has its own meaning and role for everyone. So, someone keeps himself in good physical condition and monitors his health. For some, it’s just a hobby, a passion, while others are constantly doing it and improving it for the rest of their lives. In one way or another, sport is present in almost everyone’s life.

What do we know about different sports? Someone loves more traditional sports for our breadth, someone is extraordinary. This is normal and everyone has different preferences. However, we may not be aware of all the diversity of a particular sports discipline. There are also sports that many may not have heard of. One of them is the rowing slalom. This sport is diving along steep rivers in one or another floating device. All of this happens at high speeds and should show the best results. It is very suitable for Olympic sports and extreme sports. Let’s learn more about this.
HISTORY OF THE EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF SLALOM DOORS
This sport has its own history and origins. Perhaps speedboat racing has been known for a long time, but sport rowing has only recently emerged. Since then, like any other sport, this discipline has begun to change, with more and more new diversities emerging. So, fans of extreme sports began to paddle and kayak canoes on fast and fast mountain rivers. This was until 1932. In September of this year, the founder in Switzerland called this variation rowing a slalom. Slogan: "Slalom rowing is a test of rough water."
The name and motto of the future are derived from the ski slalom. It sounded like, "Summer, water and rowing slalom." Later, the sport began to spread throughout Europe, and athletes from the United States also took an interest in it. Such great interest for a long time could only be an amateur hobby - it was necessary to hold official competitions.

In 1924, the International Slalom Federation was founded and it immediately admitted more than twenty members from different countries. It was this federation that undertook to organize various competitions in canoeing and kayaking in different countries and on different steep rivers. Sailing canoeing competitions were also organized.

Ten years later, the International Committee for Slalom in kayaking and canoeing was established. The situation in the world and the ensuing war did not allow for serious international competitions. The first European Championship was held only in 1947, and two years later the World Cup was held in Switzerland.
Since 1972, this sport has been included in the Olympic list, and at that time it gained the greatest popularity in the whole world. A special artificial canal was created for the descent. All medals were won by the Germans, and until 1992 this discipline was not demonstrated at the Olympic Games.

As for the local slalom, this sport was not very common in the Soviet Union. The fact is that the only Olympics in which the USSR national team participated was in 1972, where they lost, and the sport is no longer popular in the country. Only the amateur categories remained, i.e. in fact the sport was a hobby, a passion.

After 1991, rowing slalom began to develop rapidly in Russia and other countries of the post-Soviet space, and today athletes from these countries are active winners of this sport.
RULES OF ROWING A DOG IN SLALOM (IN BRIEF)
Now let's talk about the rules of this unusual sport. Thus, slalom rowing has a course that is usually a river or an artificial canal. There are gates in the water all the way - certain points that every athlete has to go through. They are hanging sticks. If the gate is painted white and green, then they must pass with the flow of water, but if it is white and red, then against the flow. Gates must be numbered and passed in the prescribed manner.
Depending on how the gates pass, participants may or may not cross the distance. To successfully overcome the whole path, you need:
• Cross the goal line with your head or two (if the competition is a pair), in the correct order, and to the right of the goal.
• Part of the boat must cross the goal line at the same time as the opponent's head.
• If it is a doubles match, the opponents must cross the goal line altogether.
Disorders during the transition:
• Athlete's wrong side or direction of movement.
• Going through one or more doors.
• Touching the gate with any part of the body or boat.
Participants will be given extra seconds for violations. Two - if there is a touch and the piece is wrong. Fifty seconds - if the piece is in the wrong direction or the participant misses the gate.



The victory is won by the participant or team that overcomes all the gates and passes faster than the others. Several attempts have been made to do so. If the result is the same for several athletes at the same time, then the result of the worst attempts is considered. Even a tie can be given - if the best and the worst are the same at the time of attempts.
SLALOM ASS EATING
Rowing in slalom is a very disciplined discipline, so the requirements for the track are very high. It is an artificial or natural canal not less than two hundred and not more than four hundred feet long. Such a route should include:
• At least one door change can be overcome in several ways.
• A stream that is constantly changing its direction.
• Obstacles in the way of athletes. In addition, they must be artificial and natural.
• At least eighteen doors, one-third of which must be red and white to move counterclockwise. The maximum number of gates is twenty-five.
• Divide into sections (sets). Each site includes no more than six doors. Each individual league has its own referee.
• In each section the site should pass without any problems.
• The water level should be constant and uniform.
• The transition should be the same for left and right hand rowers.
If during the competition the referee decides that the water level in some sections has changed significantly and it can be corrected, then the passage will be suspended for a while. Once the water level returns to normal, the race will resume.
As mentioned above, both artificial canals and natural rivers are used as roads. The main parameter here is the speed of water flows. It should not be less than two meters per second.
Artificial roads have their own requirements:
• Distance length 250-400 m.
• Average water consumption is 16 cubic meters per second.
• The slope should not exceed three percent.
The track with such parameters was first built in 1972 in Germany. It was there that the popularity of artificial channels emerged, and later around the world. The material of the canal, which is filled with water and where rowers swim, is concrete. The road is connected to the natural reservoir as a separate network and it is gradually being filled. If this is not possible, then the water is pumped by powerful pumps and hydrobines.
Often, in large competitions, in addition to the main channel, an additional channel is also built. It is designed to train athletes. They need to be different in every way so that the athletes who compete are not as ready for the obstacles as possible. This helps them to show themselves fully. Since the construction of such a track is more expensive, they will be handed over to private organizations outside the tournament time.
STANDARD RULES AND CONDITIONS
Slalom rowing is not a sport that is filled with different terms, but we have identified a few of them:
• Participant - Athlete, girl or boy participating in the competition.
• Crew - A participant or several participants in a single boat race.
• Team - multiple combined crews starting at the same time.
• K1-m - one kayak for men (kayak)
• K1-j - single kayak.
• C1-m - single male canoe.
• C1-e - single female canoe.
• C2 - mixed - canoe containing male and female.
ARBITRATION
Depending on how the gates pass, participants may or may not cross the distance. To successfully overcome the whole path, you need:
• Cross the goal line with your head or two (if the competition is a pair), in the correct order, and to the right of the goal.
• Part of the boat must cross the goal line at the same time as the opponent's head.
• If it is a doubles match, the opponents must cross the goal line altogether.
As this is an extreme sport, there are requirements for the safety of boats and crew:
• Each boat should be inspected for sinking and the ability to evacuate quickly and easily in an emergency.
• Each boat must be rigid and equipped with spring handles. This is done to manually pull the boat out of the water in an emergency.
• Every athlete must wear a vest and hat. The vest should be able to withstand six pounds in the water and prevent the swimmer from falling face down into the water in an emergency. The helmet protects the head from possible injury and should be tied tightly under the chin.
• You cannot tie yourself to a flag.
• Equipment should be prepared individually depending on the size of each participant.
• Any athlete should know the basic rules of safety and behavior in swimming and rowing slalom.
• If one of the team members has fallen too far, you should not try to pick it up yourself, do not overdo it, and somehow interfere with the rescuers.
• The capsizing of the boat means that the crew has to get out of the water and go ashore. This also happens when at least one of the crew members falls into the water during a team race.
There may also be advertisements, logos and other signs on the uniform and participants boat, but they should not cover the identification marks of the team and crew. All paddlers should look clean and tidy. If it is a team race, the crew must have the same uniform and equipment.

SLALOM RACING COMPETITIONS

Now we need to talk a little bit about tournaments. There are several categories to choose from:
• Men's kayak.
• Women's kayak.
• Canoe rowing for men.
• Ladies in a single canoe.
• Mixed canoe - salt.
Team competitions are held between boat teams, each of which must have three crews. Since 1992, the main competitions in this sport can be considered the World Championships and the Olympic Games. The second is held every four years.
The European Championships and the North American Championships are also popular and prestigious. In addition, each state has its own, local championships. They determine the champions of one country or region. Such a local competition system is highly developed and has many branches.
SLALOM DONKEY ROWING FEDERATION
The main federation of this sport is the International Slalom Federation, which organizes all tournaments and is the main authority on which local federations rely in each country. Currently, there are such in many countries around the world.
I want to emphasize the advantages and disadvantages of this sport. This sport is extreme and not for everyone. However, in the absence of medical contraindications, it is suitable for adults and children. The rowing department is accepted from the age of ten.
Rowing in slalom gives you a lot of positive emotions and adrenaline, because it is an extremely active sport. It develops many qualities and skills of rowers, first of all it is courage, the ability to overcome obstacles and not be afraid of them.
Second, be careful, because you have to be very careful to see obstacles in the distance. Reaction and coordination are developed at the beginning of the athlete’s time when an action plan emerges toward the obstacle. This sport is physically challenging, so it prepares and hardens a person physically. Hardness increases and the desire to beat the rest, to come first. People who love speed also like this sport because the water flow is sometimes rushed at great speed. Extreme athletes and adrenaline enthusiasts often turn into slalom athletes in rowing.
This sport is also suitable for tourists and those who love nature, travel, hiking. This sport is directly related to fresh air. In conclusion, I want to say that you don’t have to practice professionally, you can work for your own enjoyment. However, safety and equipment should never be forgotten, even if it’s just a hobby. And if you want to compete with someone and deal with slalom professionally, feel free and then you will succeed.