New trends and modern approaches to foreign language teaching

NEW TRENDS AND MODERN APPROACHES TO FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING
Bobirova Nigina Uchkunjonovna
1st year master's degree at
Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages


Annotation: This article deals with the methodology of teaching a foreign language, the history of its development as a science, the types of modern methods used in the methodology of teaching a foreign language and their use.
Keywords: methodology, innovation, foreign language, communication, skills, qualifications, didactics, intercultural communication.

The development of modern education has led to a new direction of innovative pedagogy. Innovative - means "introduction (dissemination) of innovation" in English. The socio-psychological aspect of innovation was developed by American researcher E. Rodgers. He studied the classification of participants in the innovation process, their attitude to innovation, and more. The concepts of novelty and innovation differ in scientific directions. "Innovation" means a tool, a new method, technique, technology. "Innovation" is a process of education, which develops in certain stages. The development of world science is gaining momentum day by day. It is this positive development that has affected our country. Advanced innovative technologies are being introduced into the world of science. As a result, the President's announcement of this year as the "Year of Youth Support and Public Health" has further increased the responsibility of the youth of our country. It is safe to say that the widespread introduction of advanced, modern innovative technologies in the field of education has opened a wide range of opportunities and milestones for young people learning a foreign language.

A foreign language is the language of a foreign country. Western European languages ​​(English, Spanish, German, French) and Eastern languages ​​(Arabic, Turkish, Persian, Chinese, Indian) are taught in our country. These languages ​​are included in the curricula of educational institutions. The process of teaching three languages ​​is different. The mother tongue and the second language are studied in a natural environment, and a foreign language in an artificial environment. Communication in a foreign language takes place mainly under the guidance of a teacher in the classroom. There are significant differences between the three languages ​​in certain aspects of learning and teaching a foreign language. This, in turn, requires the use of appropriate foreign language teaching technology. By carefully mastering the achievements of the methodical subject, the foreign language teacher achieves a clear understanding of the norms of language experience of the student and its further improvement. Effective teaching of foreign languages ​​requires knowledge of its methods. The study and teaching of foreign languages ​​largely depends on the theoretical development of methods of teaching foreign languages ​​and the creative application of the theory in practice.
A foreign language teaching method is a set of teacher and student activities that ensure the achievement of practical, general, educational and developmental goals of foreign language teaching. The term method is used to mean "a set of teaching methods" and "direction of education". The first is used in the theory of education in the sense of process methods, the second sense can be found in works on the history of teaching methods. For example, the method of translation of foreign language teaching, the correct method, the comparative method, the traditional method, the intensive method and others.
History of methods The famous Methodist prof. In-depth study by IV Rakhmanov. The method of translation is mainly in two forms, called grammar-translation and text-translation methods. From the point of view of grammar-translation method, a foreign language is studied for general educational purposes. Grammar exercises are designed to develop the logical thinking of the language learner. Explaining grammatical knowledge is considered to be the main goal of education. The main principles of this method are:
1. Language learning is based on written speech.
2. Grammar is taken as a subject of study, and the vocabulary is chosen accordingly. Grammar exercises were the main method of work.
3. First, the grammatical rule is memorized, and then it is recommended to make sentences based on the rules.
4. The grammatical form and the meaning of the words are revealed by means of word-for-word translation.
5. Language material is mastered by word-for-word translation and dry memorization.
6. It is limited to memorizing words out of context, alone.
Method without translation. Different versions of this method are known historically. They can be divided into two major groups: natural and direct methods. Learning a foreign language in a natural way should be similar to the conditions of mastering the native language. The main goal of the method is to learn to read and write by learning to speak a foreign language.
Communicative didactics prioritizes the use of natural speech as a material for listening comprehension, such as advertisements in transport, at the station, advertisements on radio and television, telephone conversations, and so on. The goals of listening and understanding information have changed. Telling and controlling what he heard was also different. Based on the purpose, this method distinguishes the following types of listening comprehension:
Tushunish Understand the main content of the text in a broad sense, without paying attention to some details;
Metod This method is used when accurate information is important, for example, the need for weather for a particular place, the announcement of the arrival and departure of the train, etc.
Pedagogical dialogue is a interaction between a teacher and a student, which is based on the exchange of information, primarily educational information, helps to understand the partner of pedagogical dialogue, as well as to carry out interaction activities. In this case, the information is conveyed both verbally, ie through speech, and through nonverbal means. The teacher should play a key role in the process of pedagogical communication and be a role model for students. This is assessed by its communicative culture.
Learning a foreign language is a multifaceted doctrine, in the process of which a person undergoes complex psychological changes. In particular, there is a process of comparing a native language with a foreign language. In this process, different teaching methods and technologies are used. With the help of modern pedagogical technologies, comparative teaching of a foreign language with the native language gives effective results. Teaching a foreign language requires knowledge of its methods. Methods and technologies play an important role in the process of learning a foreign language. There are different methods of methodical science in the organization of the lesson. The most widely used methods of foreign language teaching are: the method of communicative didactics, the method of organizing intercultural communication and the method of organizing exercises. The three methods are closely related and complementary. As the science of methodology is related to the science of didactics, it is based on communicativeness in the study of a foreign language, and the method of communicative didactics emerges.
In the process of applying the method of communicative didactics, the teacher's method of forming intercultural communication is also formed. As a result of learning a foreign language, the culture of another country is mastered. "Exercise technology" plays an important role in the acquisition of the necessary knowledge in foreign language education.
Exercise is the best way to master all the knowledge. The exercise has a positive effect not only on foreign language teaching, but also on the acquisition of knowledge in all areas. Effective organization of lessons, in which the role of pedagogical activity and modern pedagogical technologies is invaluable. It is important to organize the process of learning a foreign language with a communicative approach, to bring the next stage to the level of intercultural communication, and to achieve such results, the last step is to pay attention to "exercise technology". In order to effectively organize the process of learning a foreign language, it is necessary to acquire knowledge of modern pedagogical information and communication technologies.