N., and Bakry, N. M. (2006)

47 refs.
Language: English
English
Publication Type: Journal
Publication Type: Article
Country of Publication: Norway
Classification: 92.10.4.5 CROP SCIENCE: Crop Protection: Biological control
Classification: 92.10.2.3 CROP SCIENCE: Agronomy and Horticulture: Root and tuber crops
Subfile: Plant Science

Vasilevsky, Sergei F., Mshvidobadze, Elena V., Mamatyuk, Victor I., Romanenko, Galina V., and Elguero, Jose (2005). Unexpected results in the heterocyclization of 5-acetylenylpyrazole-4-carboxylic acid hydrazides under the influence of CuCl: formation of a diazepinone and dehydrodimerization into the corresponding bis(pyrazolo[4,3-d][1,2]diazepinone). Tetrahedron Letters 46: 4457-4459.

Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: METHODS.

The simple reaction of cyclization of hydrazides of vic-acetylenylbenzoic and acetylenylpyrazole carboxylic acid can lead to four different compounds: five-membered N-aminolactams, six-membered N-aminolactams, six-membered diazinones and diazepinones, but only the first three have been described. In this paper we report the unexpected formation of a bis(pyrazolo[4,3-d][1,2]diazepinone, the structure of which has been established by X-ray crystallography. Pyrazolopyridines/ Cross-coupling/ Hetarylacetylenes/ Heterocyclization

Vaz, I. A. Jr, Lermen, T. T., Michelon, A., Ferreira, C. A. S., De Freitas, D. R. J., Termignoni, C., and Masuda, A. (2004). Effect of acaricides on the activity of a Boophilus microplus glutathione S-transferase. Veterinary Parasitology [Vet. Parasitol.]. Vol. 119, no. 2-3, pp. 237-245. Jan 2004.
Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: BACTERIA.

ISSN: 0304-4017

Descriptors: Acaricides
Descriptors: Enzymatic activity
Descriptors: Toxicity testing
Descriptors: Glutathione transferase
Descriptors: Ixodidae
Descriptors: Boophilus microplus
Abstract: In the present study, we report the effect of several acaricides on the enzyme activity of a Boophilus microplus recombinant glutathione S- transferase (rGST). GST was expressed in Escherichia coli and was purified with glutathione (GSH) affinity column chromatography. The kinetic constants were determined by reacting GST with the substrates 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and glutathione. We report the effect of several acaricides on the enzyme activity of rGST. Some acaricides (ethion, amitraz, chlorpyrifos, DDT, cypermethrin, diazinon, ivermectin, deltamethrin and flumethrin) inhibited rGST. Contrarily, coumaphos had an activating effect. Although the accurate mechanisms of the B. microplus resistance to acaricides remain elusive, this work helps in understanding how acaricides can interact with GST.
Publisher: Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:[e-mail]], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2003.11.004
Language: English
English
Publication Type: Journal Article
Classification: Z 05183 Toxicology & resistance
Subfile: Entomology Abstracts

VENKATESWARLU, K. (1993). PESTICIDE INTERACTIONS WITH CYANOBACTERIA IN SOIL AND PURE CULTURE. BOLLAG, J.-M. AND G. STOTZKY (ED.). SOIL BIOCHEMISTRY, VOL. 8. XI+418P. MARCEL DEKKER, INC.: NEW YORK, NEW YORK, USA; BASEL, SWITZERLAND. ISBN 0-8247-9044-8.; 0 (0). 1993. 137-179.

Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BLUE-GREEN ALGAE Biochemistry/ Bacteria/Cytology/ Microbiological Techniques/ Air Pollution/ Soil Pollutants/ Water Pollution/ Soil Microbiology/ Soil/ Herbicides/ Pest Control/ Pesticides/ Cyanobacteria

Verma, A. N., Sandhu, G. S., and Saramma, P. U. (1967). Relative Efficacy of Different Insecticides as Contact Poisons to the Adults of Singhara-d Beetle Galerucella-birmanica Coleoptera Chrysomellidae trapa-bispinosa-d Mevinphos Carbaryl Bidrin Nicotine Sulfate Parathion Diazinon Phosphamidon DDT Malathion te. J.Res.Punjab Agric.Univ. 4: 415-419.

EcoReference No.: 55198

Chemical of Concern: CBL,DZ,MLN,NCTN; Habitat: T; Rejection Code: TARGET(MLN,DZ,NCTN).

Verrin, S. M., Begg, S. J., Ross, P. S., and Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Sidney, BC (Canada) Inst. Ocean. Sci. (2004). Pesticide use in British Columbia and the Yukon: an assessment of types, applications and risks to aquatic biota.

Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: NO TOX DATA.

ISSN: 0706-6457

Descriptors: Pesticides
Descriptors: Bioaccumulation
Descriptors: Environmental impact
Descriptors: Canada, British Columbia
Descriptors: Canada, Yukon Terr.
Abstract: The Pacific Region (British Columbia and the Yukon) of Canada is characterized by a wide variety of biogeoclimatic zones, an extensive forestry sector, a diverse agricultural industry situated largely in the south, and high human population densities around the Fraser River estuary and the adjacent Georgia Basin. The many different land-based activities in British Columbia (BC) employ a range of pesticides and application methods. Pesticides used in the past have included persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic compounds, many of which have been eliminated from general use. The majority of current-use pesticides (CUP) registered for use in BC tend to have shorter half-lives, are generally non-bioaccumulative, and are, for the most part, less toxic than their predecessors. In this report 23 CUP are identified as being of potential concern in terms of the health of aquatic (freshwater and marine) ecosystems. These include 2,4-D, atrazine, carbaryl, captan, chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, copper chromated arsenic (CCA), creosote, diazinon, diuron, endosulfan, ethalfluralin, fenitrothion, glyphosate, malathion, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), pendimethalin, pentachlorophenol (PCP), quintozene, simazine, triclopyr, and trifluralin, as well the undisclosed surfactants used in biological insecticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki.
Language: English
English; French
Publication Type: Report
Environmental Regime: Freshwater
Classification: Q5 01503 Characteristics, behavior and fate
Classification: Q5 01504 Effects on organisms
Subfile: ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality

Verschueren, K. (1983). Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemical. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemical, 2nd Edition, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, NY.

Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: NO TOX DATA.

VERSTEEG DJ, STALMANS, M., DYER SD, and JANSSEN, C. (1997). Ceriodaphnia and Daphnia: A comparison of their sensitivity to xenobiotics and utility as a test species. CHEMOSPHERE; 34 869-892.

Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: REVIEW.

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A comparison between Ceriodaphnia sp. and other Cladoceran species including Daphnia magna and D. pulex was made in terms of their life history, geographical distribution, available acute and chronic toxicity test methods and their sensitivity to compounds. Standardized methods currently exist to conduct acute and chronic toxicity tests with C. dubia and this species has received considerable attention in North America. Rewons for this attention include the taxonomic closeness to D. magna, distribution throughout North America, relatively short duration of chronic reproductive toxicity tests (seven days), and Ceriodaphnia's sensitivity. Our review of the literature demonstrates the pandemic distribution of Ceriodaphnia (Europe, Asia, and North America included), the ecological importance of Ceriodaphnia species in freshwater plankton communities, and comparative acute and chronic sensitivity to a broad array of compounds and effluents. These attributes suggest that dat MH - ANIMALS Ecology/ Ecology/ Oceanography/ Fresh Water/ Biochemistry/ Poisoning/ Animals, Laboratory/ Crustacea

Verstraeten, Sandra V., Nogueira, Luciana V., Schreier, Shirley, and Oteiza, Patricia I. ( 1997). Effect of Trivalent Metal Ions on Phase Separation and Membrane Lipid Packing: Role in Lipid Peroxidation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 338: 121-127.
Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: METHODS.

The capacity of Al3+-related cations (Sc3+, Ga3+, In3+, Be2+, Y3+, and La3+) to promote membrane rigidification and lateral phase separation was evaluated in liposomes containing zwitterionic (phosphatidylcholine, PC) and negatively charged (phosphatidylserine, PS) phospholipids. These effects were correlated with the capacity of the ions to stimulate Fe2+-supported lipid peroxidation. Al3+, Sc3+, Ga3+, In3+, Be2+, Y3+, and La3+(50-200 [mu]) increased the order parameter of the fluorescent probe 1,3-diphenylhexatriene incorporated in PC:PS membranes. In addition, the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of spin-labeled fatty acids indicated a reduction in lipid motion induced by Sc3+, Y3+, and La3+. The effect was found to extend down to carbon 16 on the acyl chain. The ions (10-200 [mu]) were also able to induce lateral phase separation, as evaluated from the increase in fluorescence quenching of the probe 2-(6-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)dodecanoyl-1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. The ability of the ions to alter membrane lipid packing and induce lateral phase separation correlated in a positive manner (r2= 0.91 and 0.90, respectively) with their capacity to stimulate the production of Fe2+-initiated 2-thiobarbituric-reactive species, a measure of lipid peroxidation. These results show that Al3+-related metal ions cause membrane rigidification and phase separation, which could affect membrane-related processes. The results support the hypothesis that ions without redox capacity can stimulate Fe2+-initiated lipid peroxidation by increasing lipid packing and by promoting the formation of rigid clusters. Both processes will bring phospholipid acyl chains closer together, thus favoring the propagation step of lipid peroxidation. cation-membrane interaction/ phase separation/ lipid peroxidation/ membrane rigidification/ fluorescent probe/ spin label

Vighi, M. and Calamari, D. (1987). A Triparametric Equation to Describe QSARs for Heterogeneous Chemical Substances. Chemosphere 16: 1043-1051.
Chem Codes: EcoReference No.: 67526
Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: QSAR/REVIEW.

VILANOVA, E. and SOGORB MA (1999). The role of phosphotriesterases in the detoxication of organophosphorus compounds. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY; 29 21-57.

Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: METABOLISM, REVIEW.

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM LITERATURE REVIEW MAMMAL TOXICOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY PHOSPHOTRIESTERASES ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS DETOXIFICATION SERUM LIVER ALBUMIN BLOOD AND LYMPHATICS DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Amino Acids/ Peptides/ Proteins/ Minerals/ Enzymes/Chemistry/ Digestive System/Physiology/ Digestive System/Metabolism/ Body Fluids/Chemistry/ Hematopoietic System/ Poisoning/ Animals, Laboratory/ Mammals

Vilkas, A. (1976). Acute Toxicity of Diazinon Technical to the Water Flea, Daphnia magna Straus. U.S.EPA-OPP Registration Standard.

EcoReference No.: 13007

Chemical of Concern: DZ,DDT; Habitat: A; Effect Codes: MOR; Rejection Code: NO CONTROL(ALL CHEMS).

Villarosa, L., McCormick, M. J., Carpenter, P. D., and Marriott, P. J. (1994). Determination of Trace Levels of Diazinon and Propetamphos in Water and Sewage by Solid Phase Extraction. Int.J.Environ.Anal.Chem. 54: 93-103.

Chem Codes: EcoReference No.: 45857
Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: NO SPECIES/NO TOX DATA.

Vincens, M., Gong-Cheng, F., Toulhoat, C., Grimaldo-Moron, J. T., and Vidal, M. (1988). Synthese de nouveaux oxydes de tetraphosphines macrocycliques. Tetrahedron Letters 29: 6247-6248.

Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: METHODS.

Virtue, W. A. and Clayton, J. W. (1997). Sheep Dip Chemicals and Water Pollution. Sci.Total Environ. 194/195: 207-217.

Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ,PTP Rejection Code: SURVEY.

VIRTUE WA and CLAYTON JW (1997). Sheep dip chemicals and water pollution. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 194-195 207-217.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: NO TOX DATA.

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The Tweed River Purification Board's objective of reducing the numbers and significance of water pollution incidents by a proactive approach based on persuasion and education is described. This has consisted of prioritising potential pollutant sources which have then been investigated in detail followed by discussion and agreement with dischargers as to remedial measures. The paper describes in detail the Board's investigation of pollution from the organophosphate (OP) sheep dips, Diazinon and Propetamphos, and their effects on surface waters throughout its area. Examination of historical incidents and a preliminary survey of sheep farms in the Ettrick Water catchment in 1989 confirmed the potential for serious pollution. Comparison of OP concentrations in the Ettrick with strategic sites throughout the catchment confirmed the widespread nature of the problem and led to visits to every sheep farmer in the Board's area in 1990 and 1991, when 795 dippers were investigated Ecology/ Fresh Water/ Biochemistry/ Animal Husbandry/ Air Pollution/ Soil Pollutants/ Water Pollution/ Herbicides/ Pest Control/ Pesticides

Vittozzi, L. and De Angelis, G. (1991). A Critical Review of Comparative Acute Toxicity Data on Freshwater Fish. Aquat.Toxicol. 19: 167-204.
Chem Codes: EcoReference No.: 45858
Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: REFS CHECKED/REVIEW.

Vlyssides, Apostolos, Arapoglou, Dimitris, Mai, Sofia, and Barampouti, Elli Maria (2005). Electrochemical detoxification of four phosphorothioate obsolete pesticides stocks. Chemosphere 58: 439-447.

Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: METHODS.

The phosphorothioate pesticides are widely used for crop production and fruit tree treatment, but their disposal causes serious environmental problems. Four commercial phosphorothioate pesticides (Demeton-S-methyl, Metamidophos, Fenthion and Diazinon) were treated by an electrolysis system using Ti/Pt as anode and stainless steel 304 as cathode. A number of experiments were run in a laboratory scale pilot plant and the results are presented. For Fenthion the achieved reduction was over 60%, while for Demeton-S-methyl, Metamidophos and Diazinon was more than 50%. Diazinon had the lowest energy demand. The COD/BOD5 ratio was improved considerably after electrolysis for all four pesticides examined. As a conclusion, electrochemical oxidation could be used as a pretreatment method of the pesticides detoxification. Pesticides/ Electrochemical oxidation/ Demeton-S-methyl/ Metamidophos/ Fenthion/ Diazinon

Vos, Jan P., Giudici, M. Luisa, van der Bijl, Petra, and Lopes-Cardozo, Matthijs (1996). Synthesis of sphingomyelin by oligodendrocytes--how and where?: Lipid Messengers in the Nervous System. Journal of Lipid Mediators and Cell Signalling 14: 313-319.
Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: IN VITRO.

Sphingomyelin (SM) biosynthesis in cultured oligodendrocytes (OC) was evaluated: (i) with [14C] tracers (choline, ethanolamine, serine) to pinpoint the major metabolic routes; (ii) with fluorescent and truncated, radiolabeled ceramide analogs to determine the relative activities of SM-synthase in intra- and extra-Golgi compartments of OC. In contrast to a general contention in the literature that SM synthase is absent from the brain, our data show that (choline --> CDP-choline --> phosphatidylcholine (PC) --> SM) is the major anabolic route with only a minor contribution to PC via methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). SM synthase activity was found to be equally divided between intra- and extra-Golgi compartments of OC. Moreover, significant SM-synthase activity was recovered in purified myelin preparations. Our results shed new light on the possible involvement of sphingolipid-derived mediators in myelination. Sphingomyelin biosynthesis in the CNS/ Sphingomyelin synthase in myelin/ Fluorescent ceramide analogs/ Rat spinal cord oligodendrocytes

Vyas, N. B., Spann, J. W., Hulse, C. S., Torrez, M., Williams, B. I., and Leffel, R. (2004). Decomposed Gosling Feet Provide Evidence of Insecticide Exposure. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment [Environ. Monit. Assess.]. Vol. 98, no. 1-3, pp. 351-361. Nov 2004.
Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: NO SPECIES.

ISSN: 0167-6369

Descriptors: Insecticides
Descriptors: Environmental monitoring
Descriptors: Aquatic birds
Descriptors: Pollution effects
Descriptors: Diazinon
Descriptors: Foot
Descriptors: Turf
Descriptors: Bioindicators
Abstract: Canada goose goslings were exposed to turf sprayed with D . Z . N registered diazinon 50W application (2.24 kg a.i./ha). The control plot was subjected to a water application. One foot from each bird was placed outdoors for 7 d to decompose and the other foot was kept frozen. Diazinon residues were analyzed on both feet. Results showed that diazinon was detected from undecomposed and decomposed feet of the birds. Diazinon residues were below the level of detection (<0.01 ppm, a.i.) on the feet from the control goslings. Decomposed feet may be used for determining insecticide exposure when the traditional matrices are not available.
Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishers
DOI: 10.1023/B:EMAS.0000038195.38438.be
Language: English
English
Publication Type: Journal Article
Classification: Q5 01504 Effects on organisms
Classification: O 4020 Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology
Classification: X 24136 Environmental impact
Classification: P 2000 FRESHWATER POLLUTION
Classification: EE 40 Water Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation
Subfile: Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts

WADE HF, YORK AC, MOREY AE, PADMORE JM, and RUDO KM (1998). The impact of pesticide use on groundwater in North Carolina. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY; 27 1018-1026.

Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: SURVEY.

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A North Carolina study revealed that certain pesticides have impacted groundwater above health-based standards in vulnerable areas. Ninety-seven shallow, surficial aquifer-monitoring wells were sampled at least twice. Sites for the monitoring wells were chosen based on an evaluation with the Pesticide DRASTIC model and a known record of pesticide use. Where possible, areas of greater risk were intentionally selected. Twenty-three pesticides or pesticide degradates were detected in 26 of the 97 wells. Nine of the pesticides or degradates are no longer registered for use; two of these chemicals, dibromochloropropane and methylene chloride, were found in excess of health-based guidance levels (HBGL) or state groundwater quality standards (GWQS). Of the registered pesticides or their degradates, the herbicides dichlorprop and simazine and the insecticide isomers BHC-alpha and BHC-delta were in excess of HBGL. The herbicide atrazine was detected at 83% of its GWQS. The U.S. Biophysics/ Cybernetics/ Air Pollution/ Soil Pollutants/ Water Pollution/ Soil/ Herbicides/ Pest Control/ Pesticides

Wadhi, S. R. (1961). Tolerance of Peach Saplings to Insecticidal Applications. Ind.J.Entomol. 23: 137-148.

EcoReference No.: 71075

Chemical of Concern: DDT,HCCH,PRN,EN,DZ,MLN; Habitat: T; Effect Codes: PHY; Rejection Code: NO CONTROL(ALL CHEMS).

Walker, C. H. (1983). Pesticides and birds -- mechanisms of selective toxicity. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 9: 211-226.

Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: NO TOX DATA.

On present evidence certain pesticides tend to be more acutely toxic to birds than to mammals. This trend is marked with carbamates, less marked with organophosphates. There is also some evidence that birds have a greater capacity for bioaccumulation of persistent pesticides such as dieldrin and DDE than do mammals of similar size.Consideration is given to biochemical and physiological contrasts between the two groups which may be connected with these differences. Small liver size, the maintenance of relatively high body temperatures, the direct movement of blood to the kidneys, the process of egg laying and the release of urine into the cloaca are all special features of birds which may affect selective toxicity.There is also evidence that birds are deficient in certain enzymes which aid the detoxication of pesticides. Birds tend to have very low levels of ‘A’ esterase in comparison to mammals, and this may explain their high susceptibility to organophosphates such as pirimiphos-methyl and diazinon. Hepatic microsomal monooxygenase activity also tends to be low in birds and this may have far-reaching consequences. In some birds the relatively high susceptibility to carbamates and the tendency to bioaccumulate persistent organochlorine compounds may be due, at least in part, to a deficiency in this enzyme system.A case can be made for more detailed investigation of comparative detoxication mechanisms in birds and other vertebrates to aid the explanation and the prediction of patterns of selective toxicity.

WALL GR and PHILLIPS PJ (1998). Pesticides in the Hudson River Basin, 1994-96. NORTHEASTERN GEOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 20 299-307.
Chem Codes: Chemical of Concern: DZ Rejection Code: FATE.

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The occurrence, distribution, and temporal of pesticide concentrations were studied in the Hudson River Basin during 1994-96. This article presents the results of three separate pesticide studies conducted as part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program. Pesticides were found in all three studies, but rarely at concentrations exceeding any U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking-water standards. The highest concentrations were detected during and immediately after the first runoff following pesticide applications in the late spring early summer. The herbicides atrazine and metolachlor were the most commonly detected pesticides and were present in nearly every sample collected from streams draining agricultural areas; they also were detected in many streams draining areas with other land uses. Herbicides were most often detected, and had the highest concentrations, in samples from straining agricultural areas, whereas Ecology/ Fresh Water/ Air Pollution/ Soil Pollutants/ Water Pollution/ Plants/Growth & Development/ Soil/ Herbicides/ Pest Control/ Pesticides

Wall, W. J. J. and Marganian, V. M. (1971). Control of Culicoides melleus (Coq.) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) with Granular Organophosphorus Pesticides, and the Direct Effect on Other Fauna. Mosq.News 31: 209-214.

EcoReference No.: 4800

Chemical of Concern: CPY,DZ,ABT,FNTH,MLN; Habitat: A; Effect Codes: POP; Rejection Code: NO ENDPOINT(DZ,CPY,ABT,FNTH,MLN).

Wall, W. J. Jr. and Marganian, V. M. (1973). Control of Salt Marsh Culicoides and Tabanus Larvae in Small Plots with Granular Organophosphorus Pesticides, and the Direct Effect on Other Fauna. Mosq.News 33: 88-93.

EcoReference No.: 60858

Chemical of Concern: CPY,DZ,FNTH,ABT; Habitat: A; Effect Codes: POP; Rejection Code: NO ENDPOINT(ALL CHEMS).

Waller, W. T., Acevedo, M. F., Morgan, E. L., Dickson, K. L., Kennedy, J. H., Ammann, L. P., Allen, H. J., and Keating, P. R. (1995). Biological and Chemical Testing in Storm Water. Proc.of Storm Water DPDES Related Monitoring Needs, Eng.Found.Conf., Crested Butte, CO, Am.Soc.of Civil Eng., NY 676 p.