Mustaqil ish Mavzu: To‘lov balansini makroiqtisodiy tartibga solish usullari va muammolari. Bajardi: Tillayev Shoxrux Tekshirdi: Xasanova Nigora Asqarovna Toshkent-2022 Reja

Xulosa va takliflar
Toʼlov balansini tartibga solish boʼyicha nazariya va yondashuvlarning aynan birini reallikka toʼliq mos keladi va uning qoidalaridan toʼlov balansini tartibga solishda amaliy foydalanish mumkin, deb hisoblash qiyin. Chunki, elastik yondashuv qoidalari oʼlaroq, devalьvatsiyaning joriy hisobvaraq balansi holatini yaxshilash vositasi sifatida foydalanish amaliyoti mavjud. Biroq, devalьvatsiyadan muntazam ravishda foydalanish doimo ham kutilgan natijani beravermaydi. Bu oʼrinda kapitallar harakatiga devalьvatsiyaning taʼsirini ham hisobga olish kerak. Kapitallar harakati erkin boʼlmagan sharoitda ayniqsa valyuta kursi dinamikasi va kapitallar oqimi oʼrtasida yetarlicha bogʼliqlik kuzatilmasligi mumkin.

Bundan tashqari, keynscha yondashuv va absorbtsiya kontseptsiyasiga koʼra, toʼlov balansini tartibga solishda davlatning aralashuvi muhim hisoblanadi.

Inflyatsion targetirlash rejimiga oʼtish sharoitida mamlakatdagi narxlar darajasiga valyuta kursi taʼsirini baholab borish zarur. Binobarin valyuta kanalining taʼsiri yuqori boʼlgan sharoitlarda valyuta kursi shakllanishi jarayoniga Markaziy bankning aralashuviga zarurat tugʼiladi. Bu holatda valyuta interventsiyasini amalga oshirish natijasida milliy pul massasida yuzaga kelgan oʼzgarish pul-kredit siyosati maqsadlariga zid kelgan taqdirda uni “tozalash” choralari koʼrilishi kerak. Bu maqsadda Markaziy bankning pul bozori likvidliligiga taʼsir etish uchun rivojlangan instrumentlarga ega boʼlishi muhim sanaladi.

Toʼlov balansiga nisbatan monetar yondashuvda pul bosh rolь oʼynashini hisobga oladigan boʼlsak, raqamli xususiy pullarning vujudga kelishi va uning taʼsiri Markaziy banklar uchun pul-kredit siyosati strategiyasini ishlab chiqish, pulga boʼlgan talabni baholash va prognozlashda hisobga olinishi zarur.

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