Bog'liq environment-pollution-development-the-case-of-uzbekistan
Table 6.2. LD 50 value for some substances Substance Testing animal LD 50 (mg/kg of body mass) Ethanol
Mice
10 000
Sodium chloride
Mice
4000
Morphine sulphate
Rats
900
Phenobarbital
Rats
150
DDT
Rats
100
Strychnine sulphate
Rats
2
Nicotine
Rats
1
Tetrodotoxin
Mice
0.1
Dioxin
Rats
0.001
Botulinus toxin
Rats
0.0001
The effects of physical or biological factors can be assessed
and studied like the effects of toxic substances, i.e. analysing the
correlations between the doses (action intensity and amount) and
the organism’s responses.
Acute toxicity can be
defined as the total
negative effect caused by
a toxic substance taken in
a single dose. Analogous
to acute toxicity, chronic
toxicity can be defined
as the total negative
effect caused by a toxic
substance affecting a
living organism over a
longer period of time.
6. Action of toxic substances in the environment – basic concepts of ecotoxicology