|
58
«Молодой учёный»
.
№ 24.2 (158.2)
.
Июнь 2017 г.
Спецвыпуск
paralinguistic features of the spoken text; as a result, TV and
video may be easier for the students to comprehend.
According to Hedge and Baird, there are two types of
authentic materials:
Spoken:
TV commercials, films, news items, weather
forecasts, airport and station announcement, radio talks,
interviews, and debates.
Written:
articles, train timetables, advertisements,
brochures, poems, application forms, recipes and instruction
for use of equipment.
In teaching reading skills written authentic materials
can be very preferable. Using authentic materials has a
great importantce in stimulating students» reading skills.
Because, they are very motivating and encourage students
further reading. The most useful authentic reading materials
are the followings:
— The internet;
— Newspapers and magazines;
— Literature (novels, poems and short stories, fictions);
— Advertisements, flyers, brochures, schedules.
It will be very good, if these authentic materials are
identified in a bit more detail. By learning about these
materials deeply, we can use them in appropriate way.
Among the sources mentioned above, the internet is
considered the most useful source. While printed materials
date very quickly, the internet is continuously updated, is
interactive, and provides visual stimulation. From a more
practical point of view, the Internet is a modern day reality,
most students use it and for teachers, there is easier access
to many different types of material. It provides easy access to
endless amounts of different types of material (Berardo, 2006).
Moreover, the internet can be the portal to other sources. For
example, teachers can obtain articles, audio clips, and videos
from the internet. However, despite the useful qualities of
the internet, Miller (2003) indicates that a survey conducted
on The ESL Magazine website concerning the most used
medium for obtaining authentic listening materials for ESL/
EFL instruction found the TV the most used one.
Using a well-chosen newspaper text in teaching English
can bring lively and contemporary issues into the classroom
and at the same time motivate the students. This is due
to their report of the current international events, new
important technological breakthroughs, the changing world
and society; thus, always keeping students up-to-date.
They also provide English learners most kinds of genres of
writing written in authentic language, such as narratives,
stories, letters, reports, and advertisements, etc., often
rich in collocations, latest vocabulary and idioms. That can
serve as examples of writing and be made use of to help
train students» writing, reading and oral communication.
Moreover, newspapers provide various materials for students
to broaden their knowledge, as they contain a wide range of
topics, including politics, diplomacy, economy, education,
health, entertainment, science and technology.
The reason for using literature in the class has been
stated by Pound: «Great literature is simply language
charged with meaning to the utmost possible degree». (Ezra
Pound, How to Read, Part II) Of course, the focus should
be on teaching language, not literature. In other words, the
idea should be using literary texts as one kind among other
texts. With that in mind, the tasks should aim at meaning
and not form, especially literary form or stylistics. Role
of books and literature is crucial in modern life as well, a
driving force in education, business, law, science, medicine
and entertainment. They are our heritage. Students gain
the legacy of knowledge earned by those who came before.
People of all ages find information, pleasure, relaxation and
inspiration while reading books. Books lack the immediacy
of other mass media, but they make up for that by greater
thoroughness and permanence.
«People die, books never die». (Roosevelt) Literary texts
are products that reflect different aspects of society. Reasons
to use literature: literature is authentic material; literature
encourages interaction; literature expands language
awareness; literature is motivating.
Authentic materials should be the kind of material that
students will need and want to be able to read when travelling,
studying abroad, or using the language in other contexts
outside the classroom. Authentic materials enable learners to
interact with the real language and content rather than the
form. Learners feel that they are learning a target language
as it is used outside the classroom. When choosing materials
from the various sources, it is therefore worth taking into
consideration that the aim should be to understand meaning
and not form, especially when using literary texts with the
emphasis being on what is being said and not necessarily on
the literary form or stylistics. Nuttall gives three main criteria
when choosing texts to be used in the classroom
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
