Modeling and Simulation of Reaction and Fractionation Systems for the Industrial Residue Hydrotreating Process



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Figure 2.

The reaction mechanism of the two-reactors model for residue reactions process. (HCR:

hydrocracker reactor; PFR: plug flow reactor).

3.1. Kinetic Model of the Built-In Residue Oil Hydrotreating Process

In the HCR model, the reaction network is extremely complicated with 177 reactions. According to

reference [

24

], the reactions can be grouped into six types: (1) para



ffin hydrocracking; (2) ring-opening;

(3) dealkylation of aromatics, naphthenes, nitrogen lumps, and sulfur lumps; (4) saturation of aromatics,

non-basic nitrogen lumps, and hindered sulfur lumps; (5) hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of unhindered

sulfur lumps; and (6) hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) of nitrogen lumps. Each reaction rate equation

is based on the classical theory of Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson (LHHW) [

25

], which



demonstrates that the heterogeneous catalytic reactions undergo three basic stages: adsorption, surface

reaction, and desorption. Figure

3

illustrates the part of the reaction network employed in the HCR



model of Aspen HYSYS for the reaction of nitrogen lumps.


Processes 2020, 8, 32

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Processes 20208, x FOR PEER REVIEW 

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