Ministry of higher and secondary specialized


The Categories of Number and Person



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The Categories of Number and Person

The category of person is the system of two member opposition. It is available only in the 

Present Tense in singular number. B. Khaimovich and Rogovskaya (22) state that “the third person 

with a positive morpheme being opposed to the first person with a zero morpheme”. In the future 

tense sh- of the first person is opposed to w- of the second and third persons.

A similar treatment of the problem is observed in works of L.S. Barkhudarov (2), (4), who opposes third 

person to the common person (1

st

, 2



nd

 persons) because “almost all the verbs in the 1

st

 and 2


nd

 persons have a zero 

marker”.

So far as to the category of number is  concerned many grammarians consider that it is in its  purity 

represented only in the verb “to be”, for other verbs the opposition of the 3

rd

 person singular, to 3



rd

 person plural 

accepted (in the present-tense).

Study questions

1. What are the most important features of verbs?

2. Why do some scientists say that verbs are "System of systems"?

3. Why do they say that verbs are morphologically most developed part of speech?

4. What are the criteria for classification of verbs?

5. What is the difference between finite and non-finite forms of the verb?

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6. What verbs are called non-finite?

7. What verbs are called irregular?

8. How many basic forms of the verb do you know?

9. What is the difference between terminative and non-terminative verbs?

10. What is the difference between notional and functional verbs?

11. What functional verbs do you know?

12. What is the difference between auxiliary and link-verbs?

13. What are the peculiar features of modal verbs? Why are they called defective?

14. How many grammatical categories of the verb do you know?

15. Which grammatical category of the verb is the most intricate and why?

16. Do English verbs have the reciprocal and reflexive voices?

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