Ministry of higher and secondary special education of the republic uzbekistan state world languages university

In Russian:



In Uzbek:



3b) Compare completed clusters and find 3 similarities, differences and distinctive features of the stress in 3 languages.

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Exercise#1. Complete the table and Compare vowels according to the tongue position in 3 languages:

	front vowel	front-retracted vowel	central vowels	back vowels	back-advanced vowel
English	[i: e ǽ]	[i]	[Λ ə: ə]	[a: o o: u:]	[u]
Uzbek	[и, э]	-	[ў]	[a, у, o]	-
Russian	[и], [э]	-	[ы], [а]	[у], [о]	-

Exercise#2. Compare Uzbek, Russian and English vowels according to the vertical position of the tongue.

	narrow	mid	broad
Uzbek	[и, у]	[э, o, ў]	[a]
Russian	[и], [ы], [у]	[э], [о]	[а]

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Answers can be varied.


Test yourself on Typology of phonetic and phonological level of English and Native languages

1. 
   The smallest unit of sound distinguishing meaning is called a ...
   

1. 
   *phoneme
   
2. 
   Morpheme
   
3. 
   allophone
   
4. 
   phone
   

2. 
   A fricative and an affricate differ in ...
   

1. 
   *pressure phase and friction phase
   
2. 
   Nothing
   
3. 
   place of articulation
   

5. 
   the manner of articulation
   

3. 
   A voiced and a voiceless sound differ in ...
   

5. 
   There is no difference
   
6. 
   aspiration
   
7. 
   the direction of the air stream
   
8. 
   *vocal chord action
   

4. 
   In which of these words is the vowel the shortest?
   

5. 
   bean
   
6. 
   bead
   
7. 
   bee
   
8. 
   beat
   

5. 
   … which is mainly concerned with the functioning of phonetic units in the language.
   

5. 
   segmental phonetics;
   
6. 
   practical phonetics;
   
7. 
   suprasegmental phonetics;
   
8. 
   *theoretical phonetics.
   

6. 
   The branch of phonetics that studies the linguistic function of consonant and vowel sounds, syllable structure, word accent and prosodic features, such as pitch, stress, and tempo is called …
   

5. 
   *phonology;
   
6. 
   instrumental phonetics;
   
7. 
   practical phonetics;
   
8. 
   theoretical phonetics;
   

7. 
   … studies the larger units of connected speech syllables, words, phrases, texts.
   

5. 
   segmental phonetics;
   
6. 
   theoretical phonetics;
   
7. 
   practical phonetics;
   
8. 
   *suprasegmental phonetics.
   

8. 
   How many vowels are there in the English, Russian and Uzbek languages?
   

5. 
   *20, 6, 6
   
6. 
   18, 6, 10
   
7. 
   19, 6, 6
   
8. 
   24, 10, 6
   

9. 
   What language classifies vowels into short and long according to the length
   

5. 
   Russian
   
6. 
   *English
   
7. 
   Uzbek
   
8. 
   Polish
   

10. 
    According to the palatalization of the tongue, what language has soft and hard consonants.
    

5. 
   English
   
6. 
   Uzbek
   
7. 
   *Russian
   
8. 
   Polish
   

11. 
    According to the passive organs of speech, consonants are divided into:
    

5. 
   Labial
   
6. 
   *Dental and alveolar
   
7. 
   Sonorant
   
8. 
   Fricative
   

12. 
    A special prominence given to one more syllable in a word is:
    

5. 
   The pause
   
6. 
   The rhythm
   
7. 
   The melody
   
8. 
   *The stress
   

13. 
    Which language has free word stress?
    

5. 
   *Russian and English
   
6. 
   Czeck and Slovak
   
7. 
   French
   
8. 
   Kazakh
   

14. 
    What is a syllable?
    

5. 
   Morphemic structure of the word
   
6. 
   One of the speech sounds
   
7. 
   The shortest segment of speech sounds
   
8. 
   *Segmental structure of the word
   

15. Find the correct answer where English and Uzbek stress position is correctly shown.

5. 
   *words in English have mostly 1^st syllable stressed position and Uzbek last syllable stressed position
   
6. 
   words in Uzbek have mostly 2^nd syllable stressed position and English 1^st syllable stressed position
   
7. 
   there is no stable stress position in both languages
   
8. 
   words in Uzbek and English have free syllable stressed position
   

Seminar#5
Typology of morphological level of English and Native Languages

►Classroom activities

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►Home activities

Answers can be varied.

►Activities for self-improvement

Answers can be varied.


Seminar#6
Typology of morphological level of English and Native Languages
►Classroom activities
Exercise#2. Work in pairs. Give a definition to the terms. Then compare your definitions with the group. First is done as an example:

7. 
   Morphological typologyis a way of classifying the languages of the world that groups languages according to their common morphological structures.
   

8. 
   Analytic languages show a low ratio of morphemes to words; in fact, the correspondence is nearly one-to-one. Sentences in analytic languages are composed of independent root morphemes.
   

9. 
   Synthetic languages form words by affixing a given number of dependent morphemes to a root morpheme. The morphemes may be distinguishable from the root, or they may not.
   

10. 
    Agglutinative languages tend to have a high number of morphemes per word, and their morphology is highly regular.
    

11. 
    Fusional languages Morphemes in fusional languages are not readily distinguishable from the root or among themselves. Several grammatical bits of meaning may be fused into one affix.
    
12. 
    Polysynthetic languages commonly express "the ability to form words that are equivalent to whole sentences in other languages.
    

►Home activities

Exercise#1. Circle the right answer.

6.