Ministry of higher and secondary special education of the republic uzbekistan state world languages university

Internal approach to language description deals with the cross system of any concrete language.

External approach to language description deals with the cross language description.

Panchronically means thecomparison of language systems though they are living or dead.

Synchronically means thecomparison of language systems concerning modern period.

Diachronically means thecomparison of language system from ahistorical viewpoint.

11. Genetic typology is a branch of Comparative typology, which studies the simi­larities, and differences of originally related languages. 12. Areal typology is a branch of Comparative typology that studies (using the methods of linguistic geography) distribution of linguistic phenomena in the spatial extent and interlingual (interdialectic) interaction.
13. Structural typology is the major branch of Comparative typology and aims to identify structural language types.
14. Language universal is a pattern that occurs systematically across natural languages, potentially true for all of them.
15. Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding derivationalaffixes to different types of bases.
16. Suffixation is the formation of words with the help of suffixes.
17. Prefixation is the formation of words with the help of prefixes.
18. Contrastive linguistics is a practice-oriented linguistic approach that seeks to describe the differences and similarities between a pair of languages (hence it is occasionally called "differential linguistics").

Seminar 1
Comparative typology as a branch of General Linguistics
►Classroom activities
Exercise #1. Complete a cluster “Typology”.

Exercise #2. Answer the following questions?
1) What is typology?
2) How many types is typology divided?
3) Which factors influence to the development of typology?
4) Do you know causes of appearing comparative typology?


Exercise #3. Work in a group of 3-4 students and try to analyze 6 factors of the development of typology from ancient time until today, write which factors influence more than others and how.

Factors: