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MIDTERM TESTS ON COMPARATIVE TYPOLOGY
2021-2022 ACADEMIC YEAR
VARIANT 1
1) Which languages are perfectly developed and have the richest literature?
English, Chinese
Japanese, Indonesian
Malay, Portuguese
Spanish, Romanian
2) What is the contribution of Port Royal Grammar into the development of Linguistic Typology?
a great contribution
b) there is no contribution
c) this is one of the most precious contributions
d) specific contribution
3) The Indo-European Family includes…….?
a) The most widely studied family of languages and the family with the largest number of speakers. Languages include English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Italian, Russian, Greek, Hindi, Bengali; and the classical languages of Latin, Sanskrit, and Persian.
b) A family spread from Europe (Turkish) through Central Asia (Uzbek), Mongolia (Mongolian), to the Far East (Korean, Japanese). These languages have the interesting property of vowel harmony.
c) An important Asian family of languages that includes the world's most spoken language, Mandarin. These languages are monosyllabic and tonal
d) This family contains languages of northern Africa and the Middle East. The dominant languages are Arabic and Hebrew.
4) What is typology as a method of scientific study?
a) it is a characteristic to many fields of scientific knowledge
b) it is a characteristic only to taxonomy
c) it is a characteristic only to linguistics
d) it is a characteristic only to phraseology
5) What are the two types of scientific comparison?
substantial, non-substantial
real, unreal
specific, non-specific
natural, unnatural
6) How many approaches in language description are there in typology?
a) l
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
7) Panchronically means
the description, which deals with the cross-system of any concrete language
cross-system of two language systems
comparison of language systems concerning modern period
d) comparison of language systems though they are living or dead
8) How many types of typology are there in linguistics according to the levels of language hierarchy?
6
4
5
d) 3
9) How many types of typology are there in linguistics according to two plans of language?
2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
10) What does linguistic typology study?
all kinds of language in comparison
the periods of development of linguistics
stative study of a certain period
the systems of genetically related and non-related languages in comparison
11) What does substantial comparison mean?
comparison of language systems concerning modem period
comparison of some concrete things or objects
comparison of systems and their elements
comparison of cross-systems of languages
12) What does non-substantial comparison mean?
comparison of objects
comparison of language systems
comparison of cross systems
comparison of systems and their elements
13) The category of plurality expressed by morphological means of expression...
much milk
class-people
foot-feet
boy-boys
14) The category of plurality expressed by phono-morphological means of expression...
class-people
tooth-teeth
girl-girls
ox-oxen
15) Semantic typology studies two types of meaning. They are...
lexical meaning and morphological meaning
lexical meaning and grammatical meaning
morphological meaning and phonetic meaning grammatical meaning and morphemic meaning
phonetico-phonological meaning and grammatical meaning
16) Diachronic development means the development of some linguistic phenomena from....
phono-morphological classification
non-functioning feature
modern view point
the historical view point
17) The category of plurality expressed by syntactic means....
a) goose-geese
b) flower-flowers
c) a lot of teachers
d) class-people
18) Comparative typology has a direct connection with...
translation
lexicography
stylistics
all answers are right
19) Which typology studies the syntactic structure of different languages...
lexical
syntactic
grammatical
phonetical
20) According to the subject of comparison linguistic typology consists of:
genetic typology, areal, comparative, and structural
genetic, comparative,'structural, and semantic typology
syntactic, genetic, comparative, semantic typology
phonetic, syntactic, comparative and genetic typology
21) What historical-comparative linguists worked on programs for Indo-European languages in th 20th century when genetic typology started to develop?
Arnold, Lancelot, Frans Bopp
Brothers Grimm, Schleicher, Rask
Buranov, Arakin, Barchudarov
d) Rask, Rojdestvenskiy, Jirmunskiy
22) Interlanguage...
is a parameter of a typological category which means that the studying notion is common to the system of comparing languages
is a parameter of a typological category and means that the studying notion may be expressed in different levels of language hierarchy
is a parameter of a typological category and means that the studying notion may be expressed by means of different parts of speech
is a parameter of a typological category and means that the studying notion may be expressed by means of different parts of sentence
23) Interlevel is…
is a parameter of a typological category which means that the studying notion is common to the system of comparing languages
is a parameter of a typological category and means that the studying notion may be expressed in different levels of language hierarchy
is a parameter of a typological category and means that the studying notion may be expressed by means of different parts of speech
is a parameter of a typological category which means that the studying notion is common to the areal and genetical system of comparing languages
24) What are the types of language systems in Typological classification?
isolating, agglutinational, flexional, polysynthetic
concrete language, semantic fields, special linguistic methods
diachronic and synchronic development
diachronic and panchronic development
25) What is the deductive method based on?
a) logical calculation which suggests all the possible variants of realization of a certain feature/phenomenon in speech of one or more contrasted languages;
b) establishing the necessary quantitative and qualitative representation of some features or for identifying the percentage of co-ocurrence of some features or linguistic units in the contrasted languages
c) for identifying the nature of a linguistic unit in the source language or for determining the difference in the form of expression in the contrasted languages.
d) for identifying the nature of a linguistic unit in the source language or for determining the difference in the form of expression in the contrasted languages.
26) What is the comparative method based on?
a) identifying the nature of a linguistic unit in the source language or for determining the difference in the form of expression in the contrasted languages
b) establishing the necessary quantitative and qualitative representation of some features or for identifying the percentage of co-ocurrence of some features or linguistic units in the contrasted languages
c) establishing the isomorphic(alongside of allomorphic) features and on their basis the determining of structural types of languages under contrastive investigation
d) it establishes non-resistence of Lexicological groups their basis the determining of structural types of languages under contrastive investigation
d) This family features the many languages of Africa south of the Sahara. The large number of languages include Swahili, Shona, Xhosa and Zulu
27) What is the subject-matter of Linguistic Typology?
a) Linguistic Typology is a branch of general linguistics
There is no unanimity in defining the subject-matter of linguistic typology
b) Linguistic Typology is a branch of general statistics .
There is no unanimity in defining the subject-matter of linguistic typology
c) Linguistic Typology is a branch of general sociology
There is no unanimity in defining the subject-matter of linguistic typology
d) Linguistic Typology is a branch of general phraseology
There is no unanimity in defining the subject-matter of linguistic typology
28) Typological linguistics is a subfield of linguistics that studies and classifies languages according to their……..?
a) structural features
b) dynamic features
c) spontaneous features
d) linguistic features
29) The Sino-Tibetan Family includes…………?
a) an important Asian family of languages that includes the world's most spoken language, Mandarin. These languages are monosyllabic and tonal.
b) A family consisting of over 1000 languages spread throughout the Indian and Pacific Oceans as well South East Asia. Languages include Malay, Indonesian, Maori and Hawaiian.
c) A family based around the Caucas Mountains between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Georgian and Chechen are the main languages. They are known for their large number of consonants
d) A family spread from Europe (Turkish) through Centra Asia (Uzbek), Mongolia (Mongolian), to the Far East (Korean, Japanese). These languages have the interesting property of vowel harmony
30) What does system linguistics work with?
a) it works with the language philosophy, basically with psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics
b) it works with the language philosophy, basically with phraseology and lexicology
c) it works with the language grammar, basically with phraseology and lexicology
d) it works with the language phonetics, basically with psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics
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