FOUR TEACHING MODES
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Facilitating groups.
When I facilitate group collaborative tasks young
people draw on what they already know as individuals and as a group as well as
on what they may discover as they create meaningful shared outcomes and
author meaning. I step back to watch and listen, intervening only as needed to
keep a task going productively. To the extent that they build on one another’s
understanding in dialogue young people open up meaning for one another as
they collaborate on achieving shared meaningful goals.
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Instructing/directing.
Instructing and directing young people is essential
to set up tasks, model expectations, and, as necessary, to maintain engagement.
My teaching is focused on students’ understanding of some important information
or idea or knowing an aspect of a necessary skill so that they may begin or
proceed with a task to achieve an agreed outcome. I introduce information,
ideas, or practices, especially in response to questions or comments from any
students expressing an interest or a need. When I instruct or direct I only require
minimal meaning-making by the students as individuals and as a group: I provide
knowledge largely in the form of ‘answers’ not open to much debate in terms of
meaning.
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Facilitating individuals.
Facilitating individual meaning-making, skill
learning, or information gathering has a quite different (though related) purpose
from facilitating group authoring. Whereas collaborating groups necessarily build
some new ideas and open up meaning, in individualized tasks students mostly
share what they already know. The focus of this teaching mode is on individual
responses so that each may access and apply their prior knowledge in an
individual task, that later may be shared. Though they may have questions,
young people’s prior knowledge will tend to have fairly fixed meaning for them.
Subsequent collaborative tasks can build on the meaning young people
individually author.
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Dialogizing.
When I dialogize
1
I intend to open up meaning for
individuals and the group through dialogue that would be unlikely to happen
without my intervention. Whereas facilitation sets up the students to make
meaning, dialogizing is active teaching as I participate in dialogue with the young
people to author meaning with them. I use this teaching mode for shorter periods
of time but potentially it has the most effect on group dynamics and meaning-
making. When I shift into a dialogizing mode I intend to open up and destabilize
meaning by, for example, raising questions, juxtaposing two or more viewpoints,
affirming dissensus, and promoting dialogue in order to critique, rethink, or
reframe some prior, given, or apparently fixed or finalized understanding about a
view, topic, process, or text.
1
Dialogize is pronounced ‘di-a’ as in dialogue, has an
emphasis on the ‘a’, with a ‘soft g’ as in logic, and ‘ize’
sounding like ‘eyes’: di-å-log-ize
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