Membrane Gas Separation

P(n-C
4
H
10
)/P(CH
4
), (-)
(b)
Figure 6.6 (a) Permeability vs. selectivity plot of Tefl on AF 2400 based hybrid 
membranes for the n - C 
4
 H 
10
 /CH 
4
pair at 25 ° C: pure gas data of fumed silica fi lled AF2400 
( 
䉫
 ; 0, 25 and 40%), data from ref. [6] ; pure gas data of membrane AF24_1500_40 ( 
䊐
 ); 
mixed gas data (2% n - butane feed, 11.2 bar) of fumed silica fi lled AF2400 ( • ; 0, 18, 30 
and 40%), from ref. [6] ; (b) butane/methane selectivity vs. butane partial pressure in the 
feed (C 
4
 H 
10
 /CH 
4
50:50 molar ratio) of membrane AF24_1500_40

---

Glassy Perfl uorolymer–Zeolite Hybrid Membranes for Gas Separations
123
Acknowledgements 
We are grateful to E. Perrotta (TEM), M. Davoli (SEM), L. Pasqua (sorption isotherms) 
from the University of Calabria, to S. Maheshwari (SEM) of the University of Minnesota, 
and to S. Morelli (Contact Angle, ITM - CNR). AB and RM acknowledge the Italian 
Ministry of University and Research for two fellowships.
References 
(1) (a) L. M. Robeson , Correlation of separation factor versus permeability for polymeric 
membranes , J. Membr. Sci. , 62 , 165 ( 1991 ); (b) L. M. Robeson , The upper bound revisited , 
J. Membr. Sci. , 320 , 390 – 400 ( 2008 ).
(2) T. - S. Chung , L. Y. Jiang , Y. Li , S. Kulprathipanja , Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) com-
prising organic polymers with dispersed inorganic fi llers for gas separation , Prog. Polym. Sci. , 
32 , 483 – 507 ( 2007 ).
(3) T. T. Moore , W. J. Koros , Non - ideal effects in organic – inorganic materials for gas separation 
membranes , J. Mol. Struct. , 739 , 87 – 98 ( 2005 ).
(4) T. C. Merkel , I. Pinnau , R. Prabhakar , B. D. Freeman , Gas and vapor transport properties 
of perfl uoropolymers , in Materials Science of Membranes for Gas and Vapor Separation , 
Y. Yampolskii , I. Pinnau , B. Freeman (Eds.), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. , Chichester , 2006 , 
pp. 251 – 270 .
(5) E. A. Grulke , Solubility Parameters , in Polymer Handbook , 3rd edn. , J. Brandrup , E. H.
Immergut (Eds.), Wiley - Interscience , New York , 1989 .
(6) T. C. Merkel , Z. He , I. Pinnau , B.D. Freeman , P. Meakin , A. J. Hill , Sorption and transport 
in poly(2,2 - bis(trifl uoromethyl) - 4,5 - difl uoro - 1,3 - dioxole - co - tetrafl uoro - ethylene) containing 
nanoscale fumed silica , Macromolecules , 36 , 8406 – 8414 ( 2003 ).
(7) (a) J. Y. Zhong , W. Y. Wen , A. A. Jones , Enhancement of diffusion in a high - permeability 
polymer by the addition of nanoparticles , Macromolecules , 36 , 6430 – 6432 ( 2003 ). (b) J. Y.
Zhong , G. X. Lin , W. Y. Wen , A. A. Jones , S. Kelman , B. D. Freeman , Translation and 
rotation of penetrants in ultrapermeable nanocomposite membrane of poly(2,2 - bis(trifl uoromethyl) - 
4,5 - difl uoro - 1,3 - dioxole - co - tetrafl 
uoroethylene) and fumed silica 
,
Macromolecules , 38 , 
3754 – 3764 ( 2005 ).
(8) C. H. Baerlocher , W. M. Meier , D. H. Olson , Atlas of Zeolite Framework Types , Fifth revised 
edn. , Elsevier , New York , 2001 .
(9) I. Pinnau , Z. He , A. R. Da Costa , K. D. Amo , R. Daniels , Gas Separation using Organic -
Vapor - Resistant Membranes, US Pat. 6361583 B1 ( 2002 ).
(10) A. E. Persson , B. J. Schoeman , J. Sterte , J. E. Otterstedt , The synthesis of discrete colloidal