Membrane Engineering: Progress and Potentialities in Gas Separations
311
(47) P. A. Armstrong , D. L. Bennett , E. P. Foster , E. E. Stein , ITM oxygen: the new oxygen supply
for the new igcc market, presented at gasifi cation technologies 2005, San Francisco, California,
9 – 12 October. 2005.
(48) R. Bounaceur , N. Lape , D. Roizard , C. Vallieres , E. Favre , Membrane processes for post -
combustion carbon dioxide capture: A parametric study ,
Energy ,
31 , 2556 – 2570 ( 2006 ).
(49) A. K. Datta , P.K. Sen , Optimization of membrane unit for removing
carbon dioxide from
natural gas .
J. Membr. Sci. ,
283 , 291 – 300 ( 2006 ).
(50) D. Dortmundt , K. Doshi , Recent developments in CO
2
removal membrane technology, UOP
LLC, Des Plaines, Illinois ( 1999 ).
(51) R. W. Baker , K. Lokhandwala , Natural gas processing with membranes: an overview ,
Ind.
Eng. Chem. Res. ,
47 , 2109 – 2121 ( 2008 ).
(52) R. M. Kelly , Process for separating CO
2
from other gases,
US Patent 4659343 Cynara, 1987 .
(53) A. Callison , G. Davidson , Offshore processing
uses membranes for CO
2
removal ,
Oil & Gas
Journal ( 2007 ).
(54) R. W. Baker , T. Hofmann , J. Kaschemekat , K. A. Lokhandwala , Field demonstration of a
membrane process to recover heavy hydrocarbons and to remove water from natural gas .
Annual Report, Contract Number DE - FC26 - 99FT40723 , Report Period Ending September 29,
2001 .
(55) http://www.airproducts.com/Products/Equipment/PRISMMembranes/page05.htm .
(56) C. C. Tannerhill , Nitrogen removal requirement from natural gas ; Gas Research Institute
Topical Report GRI - 99/0080 ; Gas Research Institute: Washington, D.C., May 1999 .
(57) K. Lokhandwala , Membrane - Augmented Cryogenic Methane/Nitrogen Separation.
US Patent
5647227 ( 1997 ).
(58) H. Herzog , What future for carbon capture and sequestration?
Environ. Sci. Technol. ,
35 ,
148 – 153 ( 2001 ).
(59) C. M. White , Separation and capture of CO
2
from large stationary sources and sequestration
in
geological formations ,
J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. ,
53 , 645 – 715 ( 2003 ).
(60) E. Favre , Carbon dioxide recovery from post - combustion processes: Can gas permeation
membranes compete with absorption?
J. Membr. Sci. ,
294 , 50 – 59 ( 2007 ).
(61) O. Davidson , B. Metz , Special report on carbon dioxide capture and storage , International
Panel on Climate Change , Geneva , Switzerland , 2005 . www.ipcc.ch .
(62) E. Drioli , M. Romano , Progress and new perspectives on integrated membrane operations for
sustainable industrial growth ,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. ,
40 , 1277 – 1300 ( 2001 ).
(63) M. Simmonds , P. Hurst , M. B. Wilkinson , C. Watt , C. A.
Roberts , A study of very large
scale post combustion CO
2
capture at a refi ning
&
petrochemical complex,
2003
.
www.
co2captureproject.org .
(64) R. Bounaceur , N. Lape , D. Roizard , C. Vallieres , E. Favre , Membrane processes for post -
combustion carbon dioxide capture: a parametric study ,
Energy ,
31 , 2556 – 2570 ( 2006 ).
(65) F. Scura , G. Barbieri , E. Drioli , CO
2
removal from power plants fl ue gas: comparison of dif-
ferent membrane gas
separation confi gurations
,
EPIC
–
European Process Intensifi cation
Conference , Copenhagen (Denmark), 19 – 20 September, 2007 .
(66) R. W. Baker , Recent developments and future directions in membrane modules , proceedings
of 12th Aachener membran kolloquim , October 29 – 30, 2008 , Aachen (Germany).
(67) S. J. Chung , J. H. Park , D. Li , J. I. Ida , I. Kumakiri , J. Y. S. Lin , Dual - phase metal - carbonate
membrane for high - temperature carbon dioxide separation .
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. ,
44 , 7999 –
8005 ( 2005 ).
(68) H. Kawamura , T. Yamaguchi , B. N. Nair , K. Nakagawa , S. A. Nakao ,
Dual ion conducting
membrane for high temperature CO
2
separation .
J. Chem. Eng. Jpn. ,
38 , 322 – 330 ( 2005 ).
(69) R. Bredesen , K. Jordal , O. Bolland , High - temperature membranes in power generation with
CO
2
capture .
Chem. Eng. Process ,
43 , 1129 – 1137 ( 2004 ).
(70) R. W. Baker , Membranes for vapor/gas separation, 2006 . http://www.mtrinc.com/publications/
MT01%20Fane%20Memb%20for%20VaporGas_Sep%202006%20Book%20Ch.pdf .
(71) R. J. Lahiere , M. W. Hellums , J. G. Wijmans , J. Kaschemekat , Membrane vapor separation:
recovery of vinyl chloride monomer from pvc reactor vents
.
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. ,
32 ,
2236 – 2241 ( 1993 ).
312
Membrane Gas Separation
(72) A. Criscuoli , E. Drioli , New metrics for evaluating the performance of membrane operations
in the logic of process intensifi cation .
Ind. Chem. Eng. Res. ,
46 , 2268 – 2271 ( 2007 ).
(73) S. K. Sikdar , Sustainable development and sustainability metrics ,
AIChE J. ,
49 , 1928 – 1932
( 2003 ).
(74) IChemE . Sustainable development progress metrics: recommended for use in the process
industries; institution of chemical engineers: Rugby, U.K.; 2006 , 1 – 28. http://www.icheme.
org/sustainability/metrics.pdf .
(75) A. Brunetti , A. Caravella , G. Barbieri , E. Drioli , Simulation study of water gas shift in a
membrane reactor ,
J. Membr. Sci. ,
306 , 329 – 340 ( 2007 ).
(76) G. Q. Miller , J. St ö cker , Selection of a hydrogen separation process , 1989
NPRA Annual
Meeting held March 19 – 21, 1989, San Francisco, California (USA) .
(77) G. Q. Miller , J. St ö cker , Selection of a hydrogen separation process , 4th European Technical
Seminar on Hydrogen Plants, Lisbon (Portugal), Oct 2003 .
(78) A. D. Curzons , D. J. C. Constable , D. N. Mortimera , V. L. Cunningham , So you think your
process is green, how do you know? – Using principles of sustainability
to determine what is
green – a corporate perspective ,
Green Chem. ,
3 , 1 ( 2001 ).
(79) A. A. Martins , T. M. Mata , C. A. V. Costa , S. K. Sikdar , Framework for sustainability metrics ,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. ,
46 , 2962 ( 2007 ).
(80) R. Spillman , Economics of gas separation membranes ,
Chem. Eng. Progr. ,
41 , ( 1989 ).
