106
ФИО авторов:
Sokhibkulova Madina Bakhtiyor qizi, Khurramova Nazira Ismatulla
qizi
Termez State university, Foreign philology
Название
публикации:
«MEANS
FOR
TEACHING
LISTENING
COMPREHENSION TO DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS»
Abstract:
the article is devoted to the method of listening as the leading method of
teaching foreign language to school students.
Keywords:
methodology, teaching, listening, linguistics
Mastering a speech in a foreign language as a means of communication includes not
only the ability
to express your thoughts, intentions, desires, but also the ability to
understand the speech of other people
both in direct communication, and on radio,
television, in the cinema, while listening to messages at the airport, at the station etc.
Therefore, the number of tasks that the school faces in connection with teaching a
foreign language also includes the task of teaching students to
listen and understand
foreign language. This skill is denoted by the term “listening”
1
.
Learning listening in the teaching of foreign languages is of great importance,
since the perception of foreign language by ear is a complex process that requires
maximum attention from the student, and from the teacher, consistent preparation for
the development of this type of speech activity.
It should be noted that it depends on the
proper training in listening, whether
students will develop a phonemic ear, will they be able to hear English speech by ear,
and therefore the ultimate success of learning and communication in general.
Communicative competence is determined by four main types of speech activity
- listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Speech activity is a focused, active, due to
the language system and the situation of communication, the process of transmitting
and receiving information
2
. Reading and listening are
receptive types of speech
activity, and speaking and writing are productive.
Listening is a receptive type of speech activity (WFD), which is the
simultaneous perception and understanding of speech by ear and as an independent
WFD has its goals, objectives, subject and result.
Listening mechanisms
The basis of the internal listening mechanism is the following mental processes:
1
Афанасьева O. В., Михеева И. В.
Книга для учителя учебно-методического комплекса «Английский
язык. 2 класс. 3 класс. 4 класс. 5 класс. 6 класс. 7 класс. (Rainbow English)».- М.: Дрофа,2014.
2
Артемов В.А. Психология обучения иностранному языку. М., 1969.
107
Listening and recognition;
Attention;
Anticipation, anticipation or probabilistic forecasting;
Semantic guess;
Speech stream segmentation and grouping;
Informative analysis based on the isolation of units of semantic information;
Final synthesis, involving various kinds of compression and interpretation of the
perceived message.
Listening Mechanisms:
The mechanism of speech perception - a person, who does not speak a foreign
language,
not only does not understand, but also does not hear it. Perfection is
improved by increasing the “operational unit of perception”. The success of listening
depends on the size of this unit: the larger the blocks (sound - mental complexes)
speech will be perceived, the more successful will be the processing of the information
contained in it
3
.
Internal speaking mechanisms are necessary for the analysis of speech,
understanding and memorization. The development of internal pronunciation depends
on
the complexity of the content, the level of knowledge of a foreign language by
students, as well as on the conditions of perception of the text.
Memory mechanisms are operational (we associate what we hear now with what
we just heard, that is, we associate the end of a phrase with its beginning), the better
the memory is developed, the
larger the unit of perception; long-term (storage of
standards), unlike other speech mechanisms, long-term memory is formed not by
special exercises, but by all previous experience.
Comprehension mechanisms - we highlight
semantic milestones for
understanding the text, establish semantic links - “the main thing is secondary”.
Anticipation mechanisms - operate at the level of linguistic form and content.
The accuracy of the forecast depends on the linguistic and (sometimes) life experience,
understanding of the situation and context.
Comparison mechanisms - recognition - work continuously, because there is a
comparison of the incoming signals with those standards that are stored in our long-
term memory. Comparison is closely connected with the past experience of a person,
with his feelings and emotions. Recognition during comparison occurs on the basis of
invariant features.
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