98
N O T E S
How is it possible, moderns ask, for Aegeus to beget an heir in Troe-
zen when the oracle expressly forbids his having intercourse before
reaching Athens? Since Euripides seems not to have invented the or-
acle—a presumably earlier epic version is preserved in Plutarch’s
Life
of Theseus
—it is likely that the Greeks did not read it as a prohibition,
but as indicating that the next time Aegeus had intercourse he would
beget an heir. Pittheus’s wisdom lay not just in understanding this but
in ensuring that Medea would not be the mother of the prophesied
heir. The story of Medea in Athens and her attempt to murder Theseus
was the subject of two undatable plays called
Aegeus
, one by Sophocles,
the other by Euripides himself. Aethra, Theseus’s mother, is a main
character in Euripides’
Suppliants
.
684
/ 689
tears
By her verbal delivery or by some gesture or altered posture, Medea
elicited this response. Tears would not have been visible through a
mask or even on a naked face, considering the distance between the
ancient audience and the actor. They were made evident by Aegeus’s
words.
717–24
/ 725–30 If Medea comes freely as a suppliant to Aegeus, he can honor Zeus
Hikesios (protector of suppliants), like the righteous man he is, and
protect her, without violating his guest-friendships with Creon and Ja-
son and the house of Pelias. But if he were to help her flee Corinth,
he would be transgressing these older alliances that, like all foreign
alliances, were protected by the enforcing might of Zeus Xenios (pro-
tector of hospitality). As one who had broken faith with his Corinthian
hosts, he would have merited their revenge.
725–26
/ 731–32 Medea says, in effect, that it’s time to bring on the lawyers. The
language of oath is the ancient Greek equivalent of our written contract
law, a protection for all parties concerned. Since for the Greeks the
enforcement of law was ultimately the responsibility of the gods, an
oath, calling upon the gods as sureties, added real binding force to the
proceedings. The ensuing oath taking suggests the original oath taking
between Jason and Medea. As in that earlier contract, she now promises
Aegeus the effective use of her drugs if he will accept her into his
house as her protector (
kyrios
). Aegeus’s promise to Medea (deliber-
ately, out of politeness?) obscures what legend supplied, namely, that
she would become his concubine—not marry her surely, as he already
has a wife (line
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