1353–57
/1378–88), seems to be a fixed element in this otherwise fluid
Corinthian myth.
15–16
/ 19
the daughter of Creon
Although unnamed in the play itself, the plot
summary (
hypothesis
) affixed to the beginning of the
Medea
calls
Creon’s daughter Glauke (blue-eyed), a name apparently memorialized
by the name of a sacred spring in Corinth into which she was said to
have thrown herself to quench the malignant fire that was ravaging her
body (see lines
1138 ff.
/1167 ff.). The name Creon simply means ruler
and is used to designate place holders in a royal succession, such as
Oedipus’s successor in Sophocles’ Theban plays.
40
/ 49 The Nurse’s interlocutor in the ensuing dialogue is another trusted servant
whose primary duty, like that of the Nurse, concerned the care of
Jason’s and Medea’s boys. This Tutor or, literally, “Escorter of Chil-
dren” (
paedagogos
) accompanied his charges to and from school and
had general oversight of them outside the house. Just as the main
characters represent the noblest of the noble, so these household ser-
vants represent servile nobility. Their power in the house among their
fellow slaves and their importance to and intimacy with their masters
and their children are suggested by Plutarch (
Life of Alcibiades,
c. 1)
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N O T E S
when he attests that the names of the Nurse and Tutor of the infamous
Alcibiades were known to posterity.
44
/ 53
Old tutor
Drawing attention to old age here and in the preceding greeting
may be intended not so much to enliven the servants’ repartee as to
flesh out what is seen. In a huge outdoor theater in which the per-
formers are lit by the sun, the details of a mask would be less visible
than the stance and gestures of the actor, and the visuals overall are
less individualizing than the clear auditory signals lodged in the
dialogue.
47–48
/ 56–58 The sentiment is found repeatedly in ancient drama in the mouths
of characters who like the Nurse have to justify their uncustomary and
often improper public appearances (before the Chorus) outside the
palace.
61
/ 70
exile
Among the ancient Greeks, exile was considered almost as bad as de-
capitation, for an exile cut off from his family and city became almost
a nonperson. Like a beggar, he was reduced to living off the benevo-
lence of others.
68–69
/ 78–79 Among these maritime peoples, the metaphor of the ship of state or,
in this case, of the great household is traditional, and, not surprisingly,
it is prominent in this play about the shipwreck of the Argo’s
commander.
86–221
/ 96–212 At this point the Greek meter changes from iambic (spoken) to
anapestic (sung and declaimed or chanted) verse, as Medea offstage
sings of her woe and Jason’s treachery, and the Nurse in response com-
ments upon what she hears, using a more elevated vocalization to
match the musicality and more insistent tempo of the anapestic meter.
Later, when the Chorus adds its voice to their exchange, what seemed
to be a duet is transformed into a regular antiphonal
kommos
, a lyrical
interchange between the actors and chorus. It is probable, based on
Medea’s use of rounded ah’s (Doric dialect) instead of the Nurse’s flat
ay’s (Athenian or Attic dialect, regularly used in the spoken iambics of
Attic tragedy) that Medea sings and the Nurse declaims. The anapestic
meter sets up a marching rhythm and so is a natural accompaniment
to the Chorus’s entrance song or
parodos
(see notes, lines
127–221
/131–
212).
This passage and the other lyric passages of this play were accom-
87
N O T E S
panied by a single piper playing on
auloi
, that is, twin reed pipes (like
oboes or clarinets), which were played as a pair, each of the
aulete
’s
hands fingering one of the two pipes.
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