Mas’ul muharrirlar: Olimjon Tojiyev

Tilshunoslikdagi zamonaviy yo
‘
nalishlar: muammo va yechimlar
49 
is a quilted cotton gown, generally very long, designed for cold winter days. It should 
be reminded that the author describes what happened in February in this paragraph. 
The weather is still cold. And when it was cold, it was impossible to wear such 
clothes outdoors. Therefore, it must be pointed out that the clothing details have 
specific ethnic characteristics, which is also a reality that deserves the translator's 
serious attention.
Culture can be defined as the whole way of life, including the customs and 
habits of a specific society; Different cultures have different views on the 
composition of moral and unethical behavior. For example
：
Original text: Йигитлар куявни домлалар қаршисиға келтуриб 
тўхтатқандан кейин Отабек вакили бўлған Зиё шоҳичи билан Кумуш қиз 
вакили Муҳаммадраҳим ораларида маҳр масаласи очиладир. 
（
31
）
Russian Translation: После того, как молодые парни подвели Атабека к 
мулле, начались переговоры между представителем жениха – Зия-шохичи 
(что-то вроде посаженного отца), и Мухаммадрахимом (соответственно 
представителем со стороны невесты). Речь шла об имуществе, которое жених 
должен передать будущей жене в полную собственность.
Chinese translation
：阿塔别克被领到毛拉那里，新郎的代表济亚
·
沙希齐
和新娘的代表穆罕穆德
·
拉西姆开始谈判。谈判的内容为彩礼。（
54
）
Let's look at the words in the above sentence“ маҳр”. Whether the word is 
correctly conveyed in the translation. “Mаҳр” The word is "the property that the 
groom must give to his future wife". It is a property stipulated in Islamic law, and 
the groom must distribute it to his future wife before marriage. As for the amount of 
“Mаҳр”, it is determined by the agreement between the two parties. There is a 
corresponding word “
彩礼
” in Chinese. “
彩礼
” is one of the marriage customs in 
ancient China, also known as “
聘礼
”, “
聘财
”etc. In the conclusion of old marriages 
in China, there was the custom of giving each other “
彩礼
” when the marriage 
agreement was preliminarily reached. Therefore, we believe that the Chinese 
translation of this word can fully express the meaning in the original text. However, 
in its Russian translation, because Russia has no similar customs, it is translated into 
“имущества, которое жених должен передать будущей жене” (property 
allocated by the groom to his future wife before marriage). The translator translated 
it with a literal translation and explained the meaning of the word.
Great translated works can not only change the text, but also change the minds 
of readers of the target language. The translator is a cultural mediator who can turn 
from the source culture to the target culture. Too many foreign factors in the 
translation may make it difficult for the target language readers to understand the 
new text. In this case, the purpose of the translator is to retain the source culture as 

---

Tilshunoslikdagi zamonaviy yo
‘
nalishlar: muammo va yechimlar
50 
much as possible. Paying too much attention to the target language readers will 
deform the original text and destroy the main purpose of translation.
Conclusion 
Culture is an important part of translation. The lack of sufficient cultural 
knowledge makes it difficult to understand the text full of cultural references shown 
above. Therefore, the main purpose of translation is to enrich the language and 
culture of the target language. The translator plays an intermediary role between the 
source culture and the target culture; There are two main ways to accomplish this 
task: either bring the author to the reader (assimilation) or bring the reader to the 
author (alienation). Alienation promotes the enrichment of the target language. 
However, both methods have limitations
；
Translation with too many foreign 
elements may never integrate into the new culture; The translator can replace the part 
of the source language that he / she believes may be incomprehensible or 
unacceptable to the target language reader with familiar elements in the target 
language. However, the risk here lies in over-assimilation
；
There are some bottom 
lines that should not be crossed. Therefore, the translator's task as a mediator is to 
find a balance between the two methods of “assimilation” and “alienation”. "As a 
idiom with local culture as the core gene, which is rich in local and national 
characteristics and has been stereotyped with many language categories and sentence 
categories as the main constituent elements, its translation should not be limited to 
the free translation method, nor should it ignore different cultural atmosphere, 
different context, different aesthetic interest, aesthetic object, value concept and 
cultural identity regardless, it is carried out through literal translation.
We should note that culture is not a material phenomenon
；
Culture is the 
overall way of life of people and the social heritage that individuals acquire from 
groups. Culture will be spread through language. Different languages have different 
restrictions. Therefore, people who share one culture, but speak different languages, 
will have different worldviews. Nevertheless, language is rooted in culture, and 
culture is passed down from generation to generation through language. Thus, 
learning a new language involves learning a new culture. Knowledge, beliefs and 
opinions are also transmitted through language and culture. Culture connects the 
past, present and future. Translation is not just a literal rewriting of a work from one 
language to another, but also an adaptation to another culture. Therefore, we firmly 
believe that "translation means communication".