Маъсул муҳаррир: Филология фанлари доктори, профессор: Г. Х. Боқиева Тақризчилар

Discussion questions
1. Borrowings from contemporary languages.
2. Word structure in Middle English.
3. Levelling of unstressed endings.
4. Unification of word-forming affixes in Middle English period.
5. Stylistic differentiation of English and French words - borrowings in Middle English period.
Reference

1. 
   Don Ringe. From Proto –Indo-European to Proto-Germanic, Oxford University Press, 2006, 366 p.
   
2. 
   Hogg R. Introduction to Old English. Edinburgh University Press, 2002, 174 p.
   
3. 
   Kuldashev A.M. An Introduction to Germanic Philology. Tashkent, Шарқ Нашр Матбаа акционерлик жамияти. 2010, 154 p.
   
4. 
   Kuldashev A.M. Formation and Development of the Global language. – Tashkent, Turon Iqbol, 2016. 118 p.
   
5. 
   The Cambridge History of the English language. Vol. I. Cambridge University Press, 2005, 613 p.
   
6. 
   Қўлдашев А.М., Хамзаев С.А. Инглиз тили тарихи. Т. Darssprint нашр, 2015. 192 бет.
   

Chapter XXVI. Foreign Contacts in the Early New English Period

Key questions
1. Foreign Contacts in the Early New English Period.
2. Expansion of English over the British Isles.
3. Literary Renaissance in Early New English.
4. New Sources of Information about the Early New English.
5. Grammars and Dictionaries in the late XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries.

The Tudors encouraged the development of trade inside and outside the country. The great geographical discoveries (beginning with the discovery of the New World in 1492) gave a new impetus to the progress of foreign trade: English traders set forth on daring journeys in search of gold and treasures. Under the later Tudors England became one of the biggest trade and sea powers.

The main events of the reign of Queen Elizabeth (1558-1603) were connected with the rise of merchant capital. Ousting her rivals from many markets England became involved in the political struggle of the European countries for supremacy. Most complicated were her rela­tions with France, Spain and Portugal: in 1588 England defeated the Spanish fleet, the Invincible Armada, thus dealing a final blow to Spain, her main rival in overseas trade and in colonial expansion. In the late 16th c. England founded her first colonies abroad.
The contacts of England with foreign nations, although not necessarily friendly, became closer, which had an inevitable influence on the growth of the vocabulary.