Ma’ruzachi: Ortiq B. Ro’zibayev

OT larning KLIENT-server strukturasi

ILOVA

MIKROYADRO

Jarayonlar serveri

Server xotirasi

Fayl

server

Print server

Tarmoq serveri

Apparatura

Javob

Javob

So’rov

So’rov

Foydalanuvchi rejim

yadro rejim

Mikroyadroli

• 
  Masalan: Mach, Chorus, Linux mk,
  
• 
  windows NT,QNX
  

Operasion tizimlar sinflanishi

• 
  Mainframe systems
  
• 
  CTS, MULTICS, IBM MVS, VM
  

  Desktop systems

• 
  DOS, Windows, MacOS, Unix/Linux
  

  Multiprocessor systems

  Cluster systems

  Distributed systems

  Amoeba(VrijeUniv.), Locus(UCLA), Grapevine(Xerox), V(Stanford), Eden(U. of Washington), Chorus/Nucleus(Inria)

Operasion tizimlar sinflanishi

• 
  Embedded systems
  
• 
  Vertex, pSOS, VxWorks, OSE, Windows-CE, Embedded Linux
  
• 
  Company-proprietary OS (Cisco, Qualcomm, Palm, Cellvic, windows embedded)
  
• 
  Real-time systems
  
• 
  Real-Time Linux, Spring(U. of Massachusetts), HARTS(U. of Michigan),
  
• 
  MARUTI(U. of Maryland)
  

Tizimli chaqiruv (System Calls )

• 
  Tizimli chaqiruv- Operasion tizim va ishlayotgan dastur orasidagi interfeysni taminlab beradi
  
• 
  Assembler tilida instruksiyalar sifatida foyfalaniladi
  
• 
  Tizimli chaqiruvlar to’g’ridan-to’g’ri assembler tili uchun tizimli dasturlash aniqlangan (masalan, C, C ++)
  
• 
  Operasion tizim va ishlayotgan dastur orasidagi parametrlar jo’natish uchun 3 ta mumiy usuldan foydalaniladi
  
• 
  Pass parameters in registers parametrlarni registrga yuborish
  
• 
  Xotira jadvalidagi parametrlarni registr parametri kabi adresslar jadvalida saqlanadi
  
• 
  Operasion tizim steki pop. Push esa stekdagi parametrlar
  

  Pop-stekdagi registrlar sonini 4 marta kamaytiradi.

  Push –stekdagi registrlar sonini 4 marta kamaytiradi

Jarayonlarni boshqarish uchun

System calls (tizimli chaqiruv buyruqlari)

• 
  tugatish, bekor qilish;
  
• 
  yuklash, ishga tushirish;
  
• 
  jarayon yaratish, jarayonni bekor qilish;
  
• 
  jarayon parametrini olish, set process attributes kutish vaqti;
  
• 
  xodisani kutish, signal xodisalari;
  
• 
  bo’sh xotirani ajratish
  

System calls (tizimli chaqiruv buyruqlari)

Fayllarni boshqarish uchun

Qurilmalarni boshqarish uchun

• 
  Fayl yaratish, faylni o’chirish;
  
• 
  Ochish, yopish;
  
• 
  O’qish, yozish, o’zgartirish;
  
• 
  Get file attributes, set file attributes;
  

• 
  Request device, release device;
  
• 
  O’qish, yozish, o’zgartrish;
  
• 
  Get device attributes, set device attributes;
  
• 
  Logically attach or detach devices
  

System calls (tizimli chaqiruv buyruqlari)

Tizimli ma’lumotlar uchun

Ma’lumot almashish uchun

• 
  create, delete communication connection;
  
• 
  send, receive messages;
  
• 
  transfer status information;
  
• 
  Attach or detach remote devices;
  

• 
  get time or date, set time or date;
  
• 
  get system data, set system data;
  
• 
  get process, file, or device attributes;
  
• 
  set process, file, or device attributes;
  

Windows va Unix tizimlari uchun tizimli chqiruv buyruqlari

Tizimla chaqiruv buyruqlarini ishga tushirish

Increment stack pointer bu –stekdagi dasturning oxirki so’rovi adressini saqlovchi kichik registr.

xulosa

• 
  Operatsion tizimlar har xil vazifalardan kelib chiqqan holda turli xil turlarga ajratilishi mumkin.
  

Nazorat savollari

• 
  1. Monolit tizimlarning asosiy xususiyatlari
  
• 
  2. System call buyruqlari nima uchun ishlatiladi
  
• 
  3. Klient-server strukturali Otlarning asosiy xususiyatlarini ayting
  
• 
  4. operatsion tizimlar interfeys jihatdan nechta turga ajraladi
  

Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar

• 
  1. Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Albert S. Woodhull. Operating Systems: Design and Implementation, Chapter 1, 1.5. Sructure of Operating systems
  
• 
  2. Гордеев А.В. Операционные системы, Глава 1
  
• 
  3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usage_share_of_operating_systems
  
• 
  4. http://www.w3schools.com/browsers/browsers_os.asp
  

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