I N T E R C U L T U R A L C O M M U N I C A T I O N
122
CASE STUDY 6
FROM SNICKERS ABOUT KNICKERS TO
WORLDWIDE SNICKERS: THE MARATHON IMPACT OF A NAME
CHANGE
Have you ever wondered why the Snickers malt, peanut and caramel bar is called Snickers?
In the 1980s, Managers at Mars Inc. in the UK changed the name of their well-known
Marathon Bar (one of Mars’ three mega-brands) to Snickers to fit within a global brand
name communication strategy. First manufactured in 1930, Snickers became the number-
one selling candy bar in the USA.
For years there had been no advertising – Mars managers had let the product ‘sell itself’.
In 1989, the world-wide rights to use the Chuck Berry song ‘Satisfaction’ (made famous by
the Rolling Stones cover version) were purchased for $2m. During the 1994 football World
Cup, some 34 billion viewers saw the Snickers name as major sponsor – made possible
only by the globalization of the brand. During the Euro 1996 football championship, Mars
sponsored the tournament and ran promotional advertising in several countries in Europe.
The viability of a number of ideas was assessed by brand managers in each country, and it
was decided to run the following strap line only in the UK because language translation would
cause problems in meanings: ‘Snickers – tackles your hunger in a big way’ (described in
Smith, 1998). Mars have for many years made efforts to link candy and health: ‘A Snickers
really satisfies’. In the 1980s, advertisements featured athletes eating Snickers bars. Mars
paid $5m to make M&Ms ‘the official snack food of the 1984 Olympic Games’. Before the
advent of satellite TV, jet travel, and the Internet, people didn’t see advertisements when
run in other countries. Once Mars chose to sponsor the 1984 Olympics, they needed to
harmonize their brand presentation on wrappers, and in their advertising and sales
promotions. The name change became inevitable – prior to that decision there was no brand
that could be advertised at the Olympic events (for the benefit of TV coverage) that could
be recognized in every nation. Snickers continued the programme by later becoming world-
wide games sponsor in 1988 and 1992, with vast expense on Olympics-related brand and
product promotion.
Earlier, the Snickers bar had been known by many different names, e.g. Marathon in the
UK. Many years earlier, Forrest Mars Senior had changed the name because it rhymed with
knickers (a ‘rude joke’ word in the UK) – he didn’t want consumers to make the association
– but he did want to conquer the world with snacks! In the 1990s, all the major Mars brands
were relaunched with one name and the same advertising message in all countries. The
smaller selling brands are still marketed on a local level, giving Mars the flexibility needed
to respond to national tastes while allowing capitalization on economies of scale when
marketing the big selling ‘flagship’ brands.
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |